ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2011
Hormesis and Female Sex Hormones.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of methodology on estrogens' effects on cerebral ischemia in rats: an updated meta-analysis.BMC neuroscience · 2014Pooled it
- The psychedelic-peptide paradox: a hormetic hypothesis.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Review
- The effects of pharmacologic estradiol on anxiety-related behavior in adolescent and adult female mice.Physiology & behavior · 2025Article
- Functional Food Nutrients, Redox Resilience Signaling and Neurosteroids for Brain Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Low-dose estrogen release from silastic capsule enhanced flap wound healing in an animal model.International wound journal · 2024Article
- Progesterone and its metabolite allopregnanolone promote invasion of human glioblastoma cells through metalloproteinase‑9 and cSrc kinase.Oncology letters · 2023Article
- Fosgonimeton, a Novel Positive Modulator of the HGF/MET System, Promotes Neurotrophic and Procognitive Effects in Models of Dementia.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023Article
- Targeting Estrogen Signaling in the Radiation-induced Neurodegeneration: A Possible Role of Phytoestrogens.Current neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- Progesterone Changes the Pregnancy-Induced Adaptation of Cardiomyocyte Kv2.1 Channels via MicroRNA-29b.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2022Article
- Progesterone Modulates Mitochondrial Functions in Human Glioblastoma Cells.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Article
- Hormesis in Health and Chronic Diseases.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2019Review
- Ovariectomy and 17β-estradiol replacement in rats and mice: a visual demonstration.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hormone replacement after menopause has in recent years been the subject of intense scientific debate and public interest and has sparked intense research efforts into the biological effects of estrogens and progestagens. However, there are reasons to believe that the doses used and plasma concentrations produced in a large number of studies casts doubt on important aspects of their validity. The concept of hormesis states that a substance can have diametrically different effects depending on the concentration. Even though estrogens and progestagens have proven prone to this kind of dose-response relation in a multitude of studies, the phenomenon remains clearly underappreciated as exemplified by the fact that it is common practice to only use one hormone dose in animal experiments. If care is not taken to adjust the concentrations of estrogens and progestagens to relevant biological conditions, the significance of the results may be questionable. Our aim is to review examples of female sexual steroids demonstrating bidirectional dose-response relations and to discuss this in the perspective of hormesis. Some examples are highlighted in detail, including the effects on cerebral ischemia, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases and anxiety. Hopefully, better understanding of the hormesis phenomenon may result in improved future designs of studies of female sexual steroids.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.