ArticleInnate immunity2018
TLR agonist combinations that stimulate Th type I polarizing responses from human neonates.
Article in Innate immunity, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viral Vaccine Adjuvant Strategies for Shaping Durable Immunity Across the Human Lifespan.Vaccines · 2026Review
- A TRAC-478-adjuvanted recombinant N1 neuraminidase influenza virus vaccine induces balanced and broadly protective immune responses.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Murine Intestinal Neonatal and Adult Dendritic Cell Subset Migration and Activation Characteristics in Response to Toll-Like Receptor Stimulation Through MyD88.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2026Article
- The Role and Safety of Aluminum Adjuvants in Childhood Vaccines.Pediatrics · 2026Review
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- Advances in molecular innate immune regulation in the development and therapeutic strategies of allergic rhinitis vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Toll like receptor agonist effects on human CD8+ T cell activation and expression of T cell checkpoint receptors.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and pan-serotype inhibitors control neurotropic dengue infection in novel immune competent neonatal mouse model.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Innate Immune Response to Powassan Virus Infection: Progress Toward Infection Control.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Toll-like receptor response to Zika virus infection: progress toward infection control.Npj viruses · 2025Review
- Recent Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of the Toll-like Receptor Response to Influenza Virus Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- TestingPharmaceutics · 2024Article
- TLR agonists as vaccine adjuvants in the prevention of viral infections: an overview.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Shaping Neonatal Immunization by Tuning the Delivery of Synergistic Adjuvants via Nanocarriers.ACS chemical biology · 2022Article
- Cytosolic dsRNA improves neonatal innate immune responses to adjuvants in use in pediatric vaccines.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Article
- TLR agonists induce sustained IgG to hemagglutinin stem and modulate T cells following newborn vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2022Article
- Article
- Toll-like Receptor Response to Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Recent Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- OVA-PEG-R848 nanocapsules stimulate neonatal conventional and plasmacytoid dendritic cells.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Each year millions of neonates die due to vaccine preventable infectious diseases. Our study seeks to develop novel neonatal vaccines and improve immunogenicity of early childhood vaccines by incorporating TLR agonist-adjuvant combinations that overcome the inherent neonatal Th2 bias and stimulate Th1 polarizing response from neonatal APCs. We systematically stimulated cord blood mononuclear cells with single and multiple combinations of TLR agonists and measured levels of IL-12p70, IFN-γ, IFN-α, IL-10, IL-13, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β from cell culture supernatants. APC-specific surface expression levels of costimulatory markers CD40, CD83 and PD-L1 were assessed by flow cytometry. Whole blood assays were included to account for the effect of plasma inhibitory factors and APC intracellular TNF-α and IL-12p40 secretions were measured. We found robust Th1 polarizing IL-12p70, IFN-γ and IFN-α responses when cord blood APCs were stimulated with TLR agonist combinations that contained Poly I:C, Monophosphoryl Lipid A (MPLA) or R848. Addition of class A CpG oligonucleotide (ODN) to Th1 polarizing TLR agonist combinations significantly reduced cord blood IL-12p70 and IFN-γ levels and addition of a TLR2 agonist induced significantly high Th2 polarizing IL-13. Multi-TLR agonist combinations that included R848 induced lower inhibitory PD-L1 expression on cord blood classical dendritic cells than CpG ODN-containing combinations. Incorporation of combination adjuvants containing TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7/8 agonists to neonatal vaccines may be an effective strategy to overcome neonatal Th2 bias.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.