ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2018
Hormone replacement therapy, mammographic density, and breast cancer risk: a cohort study.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Targeting Matrix Stiffness and Mechanotransduction in Breast Cancer: Implications for Emerging Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Urinary Levels of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Breast Density in Young Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Mammographic density in relationships with relevant contributing factors: a multicentric study from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Gland surgery · 2024Article
- Breast cancer screening in women taking hormone replacement therapy needs updating.Facts, views & vision in ObGyn · 2024Article
- Predicting mammographic density with linear ultrasound transducers.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Zuogui and Yougui pills improve perimenopausal syndrome regulation of apoptosis in mice.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2023Article
- Antidepressant-like effects of theFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Mammographic density in relation to breast cancer recurrence and survival in women receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Anti-Osteoporosis Effects of the Fruit of Sea Buckthorn (Nutrients · 2022Article
- Estrogens, Cancer and Immunity.Cancers · 2022Review
- Signaling pathway intervention in premature ovarian failure.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- The effect of menopausal hormone therapy on gastrointestinal cancer risk and mortality in South Korea: a population-based cohort study.BMC gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Biological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities in Mammographic Density and Breast Cancer Risk.Cancers · 2021Review
- Mammographic features are associated with cardiometabolic disease risk and mortality.European heart journal · 2021Article
- Association between menopausal hormone therapy, mammographic density and breast cancer risk: results from the E3N cohort study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2021Article
- Association of Interactions Between Mammographic Density Phenotypes and Established Risk Factors With Breast Cancer Risk, by Tumor Subtype and Menopausal Status.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Impact of Breast Density Awareness on Knowledge about Breast Cancer Risk Factors and the Self-Perceived Risk of Breast Cancer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Breast Mammographic Density: Stromal Implications on Breast Cancer Detection and Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Mammographic Density and Screening Sensitivity, Breast Cancer Incidence and Associated Risk Factors in Danish Breast Cancer Screening.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
- Effect of Mammographic Screening Modality on Breast Density Assessment: Digital Mammography versus Digital Breast Tomosynthesis.Radiology · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
purposeHormone replacement therapy (HRT) use increases breast cancer risk and mammographic density (MD). We examine whether MD mediates or modifies the association of HRT with the breast cancer.
methodsFor the 4,501 participants in the Danish diet, cancer and health cohort (1993-1997) who attended mammographic screening in Copenhagen (1993-2001), MD (mixed/dense or fatty) was assessed at the first screening after cohort entry. HRT use was assessed by questionnaire and breast cancer diagnoses until 2012 obtained from the Danish cancer registry. The associations of HRT with MD and with breast cancer were analyzed separately using Cox's regression. Mediation analyses were used to estimate proportion [with 95% confidence intervals (CI)] of an association between HRT and breast cancer mediated by MD.
results2,444 (54.3%) women had mixed/dense breasts, 229 (5.4%) developed breast cancer, and 35.9% were current HRT users at enrollment. Compared to never users, current HRT use was statistically significantly associated with having mixed/dense breasts (relative risk and 95% CI 1.24; 1.14-1.35), and higher risk of breast cancer (hazard ratio 1.87; 1.40-2.48). Association between current HRT use and breast cancer risk was partially mediated by MD (percent mediated = 10%; 95% CI 4-22%). The current HRT use-related breast cancer risk was higher in women with mixed/dense (1.94; 1.37-3.87) than fatty (1.37; 0.80-2.35) breasts (p value for interaction = 0.15).
conclusionsMD partially mediates some of the association between HRT and breast cancer risk. The association between HRT and breast cancer seems to be stronger in women with dense breasts.
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