Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29670154›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2018

Comprehensive comparison of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum and G. sinense: chemical, antitumor, immunomodulating and gut-microbiota modulatory properties.

Li-Feng Li, Hong-Bing Liu, Quan-Wei Zhang, Zhi-Peng Li, Tin-Long Wong, Hau-Yee Fung, Ji-Xia Zhang, Su-Ping Bai, Ai-Ping Lu, Quan-Bin Han

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Use ofNutrients · 2020
    Pooled it
  2. Review
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  7. Review
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  12. Two new species ofMycoKeys · 2024
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023
    Article
  20. A Review ofBiomolecules · 2022
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Li-Feng LiSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
Hong-Bing LiuSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
Quan-Wei ZhangSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
Zhi-Peng LiSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
Tin-Long WongSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
Hau-Yee FungSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
Ji-Xia ZhangSchool of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
Su-Ping BaiSchool of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
Ai-Ping LuSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
Quan-Bin HanSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China. simonhan@hkbu.edu.hk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Both Ganoderma lucidum (GL) and G. sinense (GS) are used as Lingzhi in China. Their functions are assumed to mainly derive from triterpenes and polysaccharides; however, the two species have very different triterpenes profiles, if this was the case, then the bioactivity of these two species should differ. Instead, could the polysaccharides be similar, contributing to the shared therapeutic basis? In this study, two main polysaccharide fractions from different batches of GL and GS were systematically compared by a series of chemical and biological experiments. The results showed that the polysaccharides from two species shared the same structural features in terms of mono-/oligo-saccharide profiles, molecular size, sugar linkages, and IR/NMR spectra. In addition, these polysaccharides showed similar tumor-suppressive activity in mice. Further study on RAW264.7 cells indicated that these polysaccharides exhibited similar inducing effects to macrophages, as evaluated in the phagocytosis function, NO/cytokines production, inhibition against the viability and migration of cancer cells. Mechanistic investigation revealed the identical activation via TLR-4 related MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway and gut-microbiota modulatory effects. In summary, GL and GS polysaccharides presented similar chemical features, antitumor/immunomodulating activities and mechanism; this establishes polysaccharides as the active principles and supports the official use of both species as Lingzhi.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsCell Line, TumorCell MovementCell SurvivalFungal PolysaccharidesGastrointestinal MicrobiomeImmunomodulationMiceMolecular StructureMolecular WeightRAW 264.7 CellsReishiSpectrum AnalysisXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAntineoplastic AgentsFungal Polysaccharides

Identifiers

PMID29670154
PMCPMC5906605

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.