ArticleJCI insight2018
CX3CR1 identifies PD-1 therapy-responsive CD8+ T cells that withstand chemotherapy during cancer chemoimmunotherapy.
Article in JCI insight, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05029453 (A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Study of Apatinib Combined With Chemotherapy Versus Chemotherapy in Second-line Gastric Cancer Receiving Prior Anti-PD-1 Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 109 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Study of Apatinib Combined With Chemotherapy Versus Chemotherapy in Second-line Gastric Cancer Receiving Prior Anti-PD-1 Therapy
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 177 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of thymosin α1 combined with chemotherapy for gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Fasting-Mimicking Diet Is Safe and Reshapes Metabolism and Antitumor Immunity in Patients with Cancer.Cancer discovery · 2022Trial
- Phase II Evaluation of Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) and Immunity inClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2021Trial
- CD8⁺ T Cell infiltration and spatial organization in cancer: mechanisms, barriers, and therapeutic strategies.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- CX3CR1⁺ CD8⁺ cytotoxic T cells drive tumor killing in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma during neoadjuvant therapy.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Heterogeneity and Microenvironment of Temporal Bone Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- Immunological consequences of chemotherapy: implications for cancer immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- ZFP148 is a transcriptional repressor of cytolytic effector CD8Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Synergistic interactions and optimal sequencing of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer treatment.Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2026Review
- Chimeric MHC class I- and II-restricted non-self epitopes broaden antitumor T cell reactions.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Integrating Three Functional Subsets of T Cell Immunity Into an Integrative Model for Cancer Immunotherapy.Immune network · 2026Review
- Single-Cell Clonal Lineage Tracing Identifies the Transcriptional Program Controlling the Cell-Fate Decisions by Neoantigen-Specific CD8+ T Cells.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- Circulating T-lymphocyte subsets as biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid tumors.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Review
- Regulation of T cell exhaustion and stemness: molecular mechanisms and implications for cancer immunotherapy.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- T-cell exhaustion in tumor immunology: mechanisms, heterogeneity, and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CX3CR1 identifies a potent effector CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Multimodal tumor thermal therapy enhances antitumor immunity by expanding tumor-reactive CX3CR1⁺GPR56⁺ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.Theranostics · 2026Article
- JUN-ENPP1-cGAS-STING axis mediates immune evasion and tumor progression in bladder cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Timing of immune checkpoint blockade shapes anti-tumor immunity via a clock-dependent chemokine axis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Targeting PD-L1-CMTM6 interactions in myeloid cells triggers PD-L1 degradation and enhances cytotoxic T-cell expansion.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have resulted in durable clinical benefits in a subset of patients with advanced cancer, some patients who did not respond to initial anti-PD-1 therapy have been found to benefit from the addition of salvage chemotherapy. However, the mechanism responsible for the successful chemoimmunotherapy is not completely understood. Here we show that a subset of circulating CD8+ T cells expressing the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 are able to withstand the toxicity of chemotherapy and are increased in patients with metastatic melanoma who responded to chemoimmunotherapy (paclitaxel and carboplatin plus PD-1 blockade). These CX3CR1+CD8+ T cells have effector memory phenotypes and the ability to efflux chemotherapy drugs via the ABCB1 transporter. In line with clinical observation, our preclinical models identified an optimal sequencing of chemoimmunotherapy that resulted in an increase of CX3CR1+CD8+ T cells. Taken together, we found a subset of PD-1 therapy-responsive CD8+ T cells that were capable of withstanding chemotherapy and executing tumor rejection with their unique abilities of drug efflux (ABCB1), cytolytic activity (granzyme B and perforin), and migration to and retention (CX3CR1 and CD11a) at tumor sites. Future strategies to monitor and increase the frequency of CX3CR1+CD8+ T cells may help to design effective chemoimmunotherapy to overcome cancer resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.