ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2018
The Association of Early Life Factors and Declining Incidence Rates of Dementia in an Elderly Population of African Americans.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cognitive impairment and dementia-Are they linked to childhood health and socioeconomic status? A systematic review.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Incidence of Dementia and Alzheimer Disease Over Time: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2019Pooled it
- Brain maintenance biomarkers from structural and functional interactions in aging and neurodegeneration.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Charting Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia: Epidemiological Insights, Risk Factors and Prevention Pathways.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- 2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Investigating the individual and joint effects of socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors on mild cognitive impairment in older Italians living independently in the community: results from the NutBrain study.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Observational
- Controversial Past, Splendid Present, Unpredictable Future: A Brief Review of Alzheimer Disease History.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Area-Level Infant Mortality Exposure in Early Life and Alzheimer's Disease Mortality: Examining Variation Based on Age, Sex, and Place of Birth.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Article
- Race Inequity in School Attendance Across the Jim Crow South and Its Implications for Black-White Disparities in Trajectories of Cognitive Function Among Older Adults.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
- The impact of moderate-intensity swimming exercise on learning and memory in aged rats: The role of Sirtuin-1.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2021Article
- A New Look at Cohort Trend and Underlying Mechanisms in Cognitive Functioning.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2021Article
- The Janus-like Association between Proton Pump Inhibitors and Dementia.Current Alzheimer research · 2021Article
- Does Rural Living in Early Life Increase the Risk for Reduced Cognitive Functioning in Later Life?Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021Article
- What does (low) education mean in terms of dementia risk? A systematic review and meta-analysis highlighting inconsistency in measuring and operationalising education.SSM - population health · 2020Review
- Article
- Impact of urbanization on cognitive disorders.Current opinion in psychiatry · 2019Review
- Synergistic interaction between APOE and family history of Alzheimer's disease on cerebral amyloid deposition and glucose metabolism.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2018Article
- Introduction to a Supplement on Population Level Trends in Dementia: Causes, Disparities, and Projections.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2018Article
- Rural-urban disparities of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: A scoping review.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Objectives: To explore the possible association of childhood residence, education levels, and occupation with declining incidence rates of dementia in 2 cohorts of elderly African Americans. Methods: African Americans residing in Indianapolis without dementia were enrolled in 1992 and 2001 and evaluated every 2-3 years. The cohorts consist of 1,440 participants in 1992 and 1,835 participants in 2001 aged 70 years and older. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to compare cohort differences in dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Results: The 2001 cohort had significantly decreased risk of both incident dementia and AD (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.62/0.57 for dementia/AD). Years of education was associated with decreased risk of dementia (HR = 0.93; p = .0011). A significant interaction (p = .0477) between education and childhood rural residence was found for the risk of AD that higher education level is significantly associated with reduced AD risk (HR = 0.87) in participants with childhood rural residence, but no association in those with urban upbringing. The cohort difference for dementia rates were attenuated by adjusting for the 3 risk factors but remained significant (HR = 0.75; p = .04). Discussion: These results emphasize the importance of early life factors including rural residence and education for the risk for dementia later in life.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.