ArticleCritical ultrasound journal2018
Point-of-care lung ultrasound for diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: notes from the field.
Article in Critical ultrasound journal, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04246983 (Introducing Point-of-care Ultrasound at the Bedside for Diagnosing Opportunistic Diseases in Patients With HIV), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Introducing Point-of-care Ultrasound at the Bedside for Diagnosing Opportunistic Diseases in Patients With HIV
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lung ultrasound and the interstitial syndrome in tuberculosis endemic regions: illustrated insights from diverse clinical settings.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2026Review
- An overview of the laboratory diagnosis ofJournal of clinical microbiology · 2025Review
- Utility of chest imaging in the diagnosis and management of patients with visceral leishmaniasis: A systematic review.SAGE open medicine · 2023Review
- Characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to a tertiary academic hospital in Pretoria with HIV and severe pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Point-of-Care Ultrasound: Applications in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Current anesthesiology reports · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThoracic ultrasound is helpful to evaluate lung pathology in patients with acute dyspnea. Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of point-of-care ultrasound in patients with extrapulmonary TB and HIV co-infection. This retrospective, open-label case-control study explores the role of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in HIV-positive patients. In particular, it highlights the potential role of specific sonographic features that may be unique to this population.
methodsThe record of all HIV-positive patients admitted from 1.1.2013 to 31.6.2017 to the Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine of san Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy, with a discharge diagnosis of acute lung injury (ALI) and who received point-of-care ultrasound of the chest for clinical purposes was included in the analysis. The patients were scanned according with the evidence-based recommendation.
resultsOf 273 HIV-positive patients whose records were reviewed, 81 (29.6%) were diagnosed with ALI. Complete documentation was available for 24 patients, of which 14 (58.3%) had microbiologically confirmed PJP (PJP+) and 10 (41.7%) had other conditions (PJP-). B-lines, subpleural consolidations, and cystic changes were significantly more frequent in patients with PJP (14/14 vs. 6/10, p = 0.0198; 14/14 vs. 4/10, p = 0.0016; 8/14 vs. 0/10, p = 0.0019, respectively). In particular, B-lines and subpleural consolidations were present in all PJP+ patients in our cohort giving a sensitivity of 100%, but their specificity was low (45 and 60%, respectively). On the contrary, the presence of consolidations with cystic changes had a very high specificity for PJP (100%), but low sensitivity (57%). Pleural effusions and consolidations with linear air bronchograms were not observed in PJP+ patients.
conclusionsB-lines, subpleural consolidations, and cystic changes are suggestive of PJP. Lung consolidation with air bronchograms and pleural effusion should prompt suspicion of other etiologies. These findings have the potential to be useful in the daily management of HIV-positive patients in resource-limited settings where other diagnostic tools are rarely available.
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