Observational studyBMC public health2018
An observational study of immigrant mortality differences in Norway by reason for migration, length of stay and characteristics of sending countries.
Observational study in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Workplace mortality risk and social determinants among migrant workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Public health · 2024Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Risk of Stillbirth, Perinatal and Neonatal Mortality in Immigrant Women.International journal of public health · 2022Pooled it
- Highly Educated Migrants in Norway: Identity and Well-Being During Delayed Workforce Entry-A Qualitative Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Mortality differences between immigrant and native children and youths in Denmark: a nationwide cohort study focusing on refugees and family-reunified immigrants.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Epidemiological pattern of death and causes of death in registered immigrants of Northeast Iran during the 2013-2023: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Experiences of migrant parents of children with special health and welfare needs in Nordic countries: a scoping review.Scandinavian journal of public health · 2025Article
- The association of serum D-vitamin concentration with 10-year cardiovascular disease event risk among Russian, Somali, and Kurdish origin migrants and the general Finnish population.Journal of public health research · 2025Article
- Risk of Somatic Diagnoses in Specialist Health Care Among Norwegian-Born Youth and Young Adults with Immigrant Parents.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2025Article
- Trends in incidence rates of acute myocardial infarction and stroke among immigrant groups in Norway, 1999-2019: the NCDNOR project.Open heart · 2025Article
- Migration-related determinants of health-care service utilization among persons with a direct migration background in Germany: an exploratory study based on the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence and determinants of anaemia in South Asian diaspora women residing in Hong Kong: An exploratory cross-sectional study.Journal of migration and health · 2025Article
- Health Needs and Access to Healthcare Services in Migrant Populations in Greece: Data From the Hprolipsis Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- Trends in the health status of Ukrainian refugees in Norway according to month of arrival during 2022.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Subsequent fracture risk in Norwegians and immigrants with an index forearm fracture: a cohort study.Archives of osteoporosis · 2024Article
- Work-related challenges and their associated coping mechanisms among female head porters (Kayayei) in Ghana.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Differences in the risk of premature cancer mortality between natives and immigrants in Spain.European journal of public health · 2023Article
- Neighborhood disadvantage and the risk of dementia and mortality among refugees to Denmark: A quasi-experimental study.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- Immigration, mortality, and national life expectancy in the Nordic region, 1990-2019.SSM - population health · 2022Article
- Undocumented migrants in French intensive care units in 2011-2018: retrospective nationwide study.Intensive care medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundKnowledge of mortality differentials in immigrant groups depending on their reason for migration, length of stay in host countries and characteristics of sending countries may be beneficial for policy interventions aimed to improve various immigrant groups' health and welfare.
methodsWe employed discrete-time hazard regression models with time-varying covariates to compare the death risk of immigrants to those of Norwegian-born natives using linked register data on the Norwegian population aged 25-79 during 1990-2015. More than 492,000 deaths occurred in around 4.6 million individuals. All analyses were adjusted for sex, age, calendar time and sociodemographic characteristics.
resultsImmigrants had an 11% survival advantage overall. Those immigrating due to work or education had the lowest death risk, whereas refugees had the highest death risk (albeit lower than that of natives). Death risks increased markedly with length of stay, and were most pronounced for those having spent more than 40% of their lives in Norway. Net of reason for migration, only minor differences were observed depending on Human Development Index characteristics of sending countries.
conclusionIndependent of reason for migration and characteristics of sending countries, those who immigrate to Norway in adulthood appear to be particularly healthy. The higher death risk associated with prolonged lengths of stay suggests that disadvantageous 'acculturation' or stress factors related to the post-migration period may play a role in the long run. The health and welfare of long-term immigrants thus warrants further research.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.