ArticleBMC infectious diseases2018
New types of drug use and risks of drug use among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Hangzhou, China.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Missing assent: a global systematic review of ethical practices in HIV research with men who have sex with men (MSM) under 18.BMC medical ethics · 2026Pooled it
- Chemsex and chemsex associated substance use among men who have sex with men in Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Pooled it
- The epidemic of HIV and syphilis and the correlation with substance abuse among men who have sex with men in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Sexualized Drug Use Linked to Higher HIV Testing Frequency Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Three Chinese Cities with High HIV Prevalence.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Health risk perception and behavioral decision-making among online-dating MSM in Shandong, China: perspectives on HIV and new psychoactive substances.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Sexually Explicit Media Exposure, Sexual Violence Victimization, and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men with New Drug Abuse in Jinan, China.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- A Comparison of Mobile Social Media Promotion and Volunteer-Driven Strategies for Community Organizations Recruiting Men Who Have Sex with Men for HIV Testing in Zhejiang Province, China: Cross-Sectional Study Based on a Large-Scale Survey.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Awareness of Sexual Partner's HIV Status Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China: Cross-Sec. tional Survey Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- HIV incidence and recreational drug use among men who have sex with men aged 18-24 years in Tianjin, China: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Examining HIV Testing Coverage and Factors Influencing First-Time Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Zhejiang Province, China: Cross-Sectional Study Based on a Large Internet Survey.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- HIV Disclosure Among Sexually Infected People Living with HIV and AIDS in China: Prevalence, Influencing Factors, and Negative Outcomes.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
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- Evaluating the impact of COVID-19: A cohort comparison study of drug use and risky sexual behavior among sexual minority men in the U.S.A.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Nitrite inhalants use, sexual behaviors and HIV/syphilis infection among men who have sex with men in Chongqing, China.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2020Article
- HIV Testing and Risks of Sexual Behavior among HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex with Men in Ningbo, China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Syphilis associated with recreational drug use, depression and high-risk sexual behaviour in men who have sex with men: a case-control study in China.Sexually transmitted infections · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe use of new types of drugs has become more common among men who have sex with men (MSM). The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of the use of new types of drugs, such as methamphetamine, ketamine, ecstasy, and rush poppers, and to examine the factors associated with drug use and HIV infection among MSM in Hangzhou, China.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2015 and April 2016. We used snowball sampling to recruit MSM; participants were recruited from voluntary counseling and testing centers, baths, bars, Blued (an app for the gay community), QQ groups, clubs, and other types of venues. MSM were included if their previous HIV test results were negative or unknown, or they had not been tested for HIV. MSM were excluded if they were known to be HIV positive before the survey. Face-to-face questionnaires were conducted and a venous blood specimen was drawn from each participant following the interview.
resultsIn total, 555 MSM were included; 18.2% (101/555) of the participants had used new types of drugs in the past 3 months. Among the users, 65.3% used single-use rush poppers, while the remainder used ketamine, methamphetamine, ecstasy, or other mixed combinations of drugs. The HIV positivity rate was 14.8% (82/555). Factors associated with increased odds of using new types of drugs in the past 3 months were higher education levels (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12-9.37), having multiple sexual partners (AOR 1.76, 95 CI 1.02-3.05), alcohol use before sexual intercourse (AOR 33.44, 95% CI 10.80-103.50), and seeing friends using new types of drugs.
conclusionWe revealed the widespread use of new types of drugs, as well as a high diagnosis rate of new HIV infection, among MSM in Hangzhou. The use of new types of drugs was associated with an increased number of sexual partners among MSM; the high-risk sexual behaviors increased the risk of HIV infection. Attention should be given to the use of new types of drugs in MSM, and supervision programs should be strengthened to combat drug use.
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