ReviewThe Journal of physiology2018
The negotiated equilibrium model of spinal cord function.
Review in The Journal of physiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of active and sham tDCS on the soleus H-reflex during standing.Experimental brain research · 2023Trial
- Neurorehabilitation in the 21st Century: New Science, New Strategies, New Expectations.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2026Review
- Advancing Stroke Recovery Through Operant Conditioning of Corticomuscular Coherence.Restorative neurology and neuroscience · 2026Review
- Innovative therapeutic approach in becker muscular dystrophy. From murine model to focal muscle vibration: a case report assessment through gait analysis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- Motor learning changes the axon initial segment of the spinal motoneuron.The Journal of physiology · 2024Article
- Case Report: Targeted plasticity in spinal cord injury-the role of focal muscle vibration and neurocognitive rehabilitation in adaptative synaptic change along sensory and motor circuit.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2024Article
- Motor practice related changes in the sensorimotor cortices of youth with cerebral palsy.Brain communications · 2024Article
- Updating perspectives on spinal cord function: motor coordination, timing, relational processing, and memory below the brain.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2024Review
- Dynamic spinal reflex adaptation during locomotor adaptation.Journal of neurophysiology · 2023Article
- Self-modulation of rectus femoris reflex excitability in humans.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Enhancing neurorehabilitation by targeting beneficial plasticity.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2023Review
- Spinal cord associative plasticity improves forelimb sensorimotor function after cervical injury.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2022Article
- Determining optimal mobile neurofeedback methods for motor neurorehabilitation in children and adults with non-progressive neurological disorders: a scoping review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2022Article
- Heksor: the central nervous system substrate of an adaptive behaviour.The Journal of physiology · 2022Article
- Existing function in primary visual cortex is not perturbed by new skill acquisition of a non-matched sensory task.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Developing Intelligent Robots that Grasp Affordance.Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2022Review
- Operant down-conditioning of the soleus H-reflex in people after stroke.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2022Article
- Control of Mammalian Locomotion by Somatosensory Feedback.Comprehensive Physiology · 2021Article
- Spinal cord representation of motor cortex plasticity reflects corticospinal tract LTP.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The belief that the spinal cord is hardwired is no longer tenable. Like the rest of the CNS, the spinal cord changes during growth and ageing, when new motor behaviours are acquired, and in response to trauma and disease. This paper describes a new model of spinal cord function that reconciles its recently appreciated plasticity with its long-recognized reliability as the final common pathway for behaviour. According to this model, the substrate of each motor behaviour comprises brain and spinal plasticity: the plasticity in the brain induces and maintains the plasticity in the spinal cord. Each time a behaviour occurs, the spinal cord provides the brain with performance information that guides changes in the substrate of the behaviour. All the behaviours in the repertoire undergo this process concurrently; each repeatedly induces plasticity to preserve its key features despite the plasticity induced by other behaviours. The aggregate process is a negotiation among the behaviours: they negotiate the properties of the spinal neurons and synapses that they all use. The ongoing negotiation maintains the spinal cord in an equilibrium - a negotiated equilibrium - that serves all the behaviours. This new model of spinal cord function is supported by laboratory and clinical data, makes predictions borne out by experiment, and underlies a new approach to restoring function to people with neuromuscular disorders. Further studies are needed to test its generality, to determine whether it may apply to other CNS areas such as the cerebral cortex, and to develop its therapeutic implications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.