ReviewFrontiers in genetics2018
Sex-Dependent Effects of Developmental Lead Exposure on the Brain.
Review in Frontiers in genetics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Sex difference of pre- and post-natal exposure to six developmental neurotoxicants on intellectual abilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of human studies.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2023Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Oxidative Stress and Depression-Like Behavior Following Chronic Lead Exposure from Pregnancy to Adulthood.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Prenatal and Early Postnatal Lead Exposure and Later Adulthood Cognitive Function in the St. Louis Baby Tooth-Later Life Health Study.Neurology · 2026Article
- Perinatal Lead (Pb) Exposure Increases Mouse Embryonic Weight and Alters Neuronal Gene Expression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Childhood Pb-induced cognitive dysfunction: structural equation modeling of hot and cold executive functions.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Impact of early adolescent lead exposure on brain function and response: Findings from a Chinese cohort.Neurotoxicology · 2025Article
- Modeling the developing nervous system: a neuroscience perspective on the use of new approach methodologies in developmental neurotoxicity testing.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2025Review
- Impact of blood lead and manganese levels on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease prevalence: insights from NHANES (2017-2020).BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Review
- The relationship between lead levels and reading acquisition in Spanish speakers, evidence from Uruguayan schoolers.Neurotoxicology · 2024Article
- Childhood lead exposure and sleep problems in adolescents: a longitudinal cohort study.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2024Article
- Influences of quality of maternal care and environmental enrichment on associative memory function in rats with early life lead exposure.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Abnormal Porphyrin Metabolism in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Therapeutic Implications.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Lead Decreases Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 (BMP-7) Expression and Increases Renal Cell Carcinoma Growth in a Sex-Divergent Manner.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Sex-specific associations between co-exposure to multiple metals and externalizing symptoms in adolescence and young adulthood.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Effects of Developmental Lead and Phthalate Exposures on DNA Methylation in Adult Mouse Blood, Brain, and Liver: A Focus on Genomic Imprinting by Tissue and Sex.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Gender-Specific Effects on the Cardiorespiratory System and Neurotoxicity of Intermittent and Permanent Low-Level Lead Exposures.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Airborne Lead Exposure and Childhood Cognition: The Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort (2003-2022).American journal of public health · 2024Article
- Prenatal and childhood lead exposure is prospectively associated with biological markers of aging in adolescence.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The role of sex as an effect modifier of developmental lead (Pb) exposure has until recently received little attention. Lead exposure in early life can affect brain development with persisting influences on cognitive and behavioral functioning, as well as, elevated risks for developing a variety of diseases and disorders in later life. Although both sexes are affected by Pb exposure, the incidence, manifestation, and severity of outcomes appears to differ in males and females. Results from epidemiologic and animal studies indicate significant effect modification by sex, however, the results are not consistent across studies. Unfortunately, only a limited number of human epidemiological studies have included both sexes in independent outcome analyses limiting our ability to draw definitive conclusions regarding sex-differentiated outcomes. Additionally, due to various methodological differences across studies, there is still not a good mechanistic understanding of the molecular effects of lead on the brain and the factors that influence differential responses to Pb based on sex. In this review, focused on prenatal and postnatal Pb exposures in humans and animal models, we discuss current literature supporting sex differences in outcomes in response to Pb exposure and explore some of the ideas regarding potential molecular mechanisms that may contribute to sex-related differences in outcomes from developmental Pb exposure. The sex-dependent variability in outcomes from developmental Pb exposure may arise from a combination of complex factors, including, but not limited to, intrinsic sex-specific molecular/genetic mechanisms and external risk factors including sex-specific responses to environmental stressors which may act through shared epigenetic pathways to influence the genome and behavioral output.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.