ArticleJMIR research protocols2018
Comparison of Online Survey Recruitment Platforms for Hard-to-Reach Pregnant Smoking Populations: Feasibility Study.
Article in JMIR research protocols, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Impact of the Terms "American journal of public health · 2019Trial
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- Urban Versus Rural Differences in Services Requested, Received, and Interest Expressed Among Informal Caregivers of Older U.S. Veterans.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2026Article
- Categorizing health beliefs among cancer survivors using latent profile analysis to identify targets for promoting medication adherence and quality of life.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Factors Impacting Pneumococcal Vaccination Among Non-Hispanic Black Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.The science of diabetes self-management and care · 2025Article
- Time and Frequency of Social Media Use and Loneliness Among U.S. Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Cross-national variation in how members of the community define flourishing mental health.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2025Article
- Improving Data Integrity in Samples Obtained From Web-Based Recruitment: Protocol for the Development of a Novel System for Assessing Participant Authenticity in a Remote Longitudinal Cohort Study of Polysubstance Use.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- COVID-19 and Influenza Vaccine Uptake Among Nurses and Children Living in Their Households: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Perceived and internalized smoking stigma among pregnant women: association with smoking reduction, reactance to smoking health warnings, and intention to discuss smoking with health professionals.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- Associations between posting about alcohol on social networking sites and alcohol-induced blackouts in a sample of young adults not in 4-year college.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025Article
- Computational algorithm based on health and lifestyle traits to categorize lifemetabotypes in the NUTRiMDEA cohort.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Communicating visit information to family caregivers: How does method matter? A national survey.Palliative & supportive care · 2024Article
- BODY-Q Normative Scores: Psychometric Validation of the BODY-Q in the General Population in Europe and North America.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2023Article
- Differences in demographics and behaviors across two web-based survey platforms: Observations from a study of risk perceptions of heated tobacco products (HTPs).Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Ecological momentary assessment of heavy episodic drinking in the early postpartum period: A feasibility study.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2023Article
- Web-Based Patient Recommender Systems for Preventive Care: Protocol for Empirical Research Propositions.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between MTurk, Prolific, CloudResearch, Qualtrics, and SONA.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecruiting hard-to-reach populations for health research is challenging. Web-based platforms offer one way to recruit specific samples for research purposes, but little is known about the feasibility of online recruitment and the representativeness and comparability of samples recruited through different Web-based platforms.
objectiveThe objectives of this study were to determine the feasibility of recruiting a hard-to-reach population (pregnant smokers) using 4 different Web-based platforms and to compare participants recruited through each platform.
methodsA screener and survey were distributed online through Qualtrics Panel, Soapbox Sample, Reddit, and Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize results of each recruitment platform, including eligibility yield, quality yield, income, race, age, and gestational age.
resultsOf the 3847 participants screened for eligibility across all 4 Web-based platforms, 535 were eligible and 308 completed the survey. Amazon mTurk yielded the fewest completed responses (n=9), 100% (9/9) of which passed several quality metrics verifying pregnancy and smoking status. Qualtrics Panel yielded 14 completed responses, 86% (12/14) of which passed the quality screening. Soapbox Sample produced 107 completed surveys, 67% (72/107) of which were found to be quality responses. Advertising through Reddit produced the highest completion rate (n=178), but only 29.2% (52/178) of those surveys passed the quality metrics. We found significant differences in eligibility yield, quality yield, age, number of previous pregnancies, age of smoking initiation, current smokers, race, education, and income (P<.001).
conclusionsAlthough each platform successfully recruited pregnant smokers, results varied in quality, cost, and percentage of complete responses. Moving forward, investigators should pay careful attention to the percentage yield and cost of online recruitment platforms to maximize internal and external validity.
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