ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2018
Educational Attainment and Smoking Status in a National Sample of American Adults; Evidence for the Blacks' Diminished Return.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 102 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Education Attainment and Hypertension Among Community-Dwelling Older Black and White Adults: The National Health & Trends Study.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2026Article
- Residential segregation, housing cost, and smoking behaviors in Black Americans.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Rethinking Smoking and Quitting in Low-Income Contexts: A Qualitative Analysis with Implications for Practice and Policy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Minorities' Diminished Psychedelic Returns: Income and Educations Impact on Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Integrating variable centered and person centered approaches for personality and nicotine use.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Racial/Ethnic Heterogeneity in Parental Wealth and Substance Use from Adolescence to Young Adulthood.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- The impact of oral health disparities on smoking prevalence.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Male adolescents' (Aged 15-24 years) smoking habit and its determinant: analysis of Indonesia demographic and health survey data, 2017.African health sciences · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic as an Equalizer of the Health Returns of Educational Attainment for Black and White Americans.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Early Life Disadvantage and the Risk of Depressive Symptoms among Young Black Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Household Income and Subsequent Youth Tobacco Initiation: Minorities' Diminished Returns.Journal of medicine, surgery, and public health · 2024Article
- Intersectional Effects of Race and Educational Attainment on Memory Function of Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Diminished Returns of Educational Attainment on Numeracy Score of Latino Populations: Insights from UAS Data.Open journal of neuroscience · 2024Article
- Immigration, Educational Attainment, and Subjective Health in the United States.Journal of mental health & clinical psychology · 2024Article
- Education Does Not Equally Increase Financial Well-being for All.Journal of social mathematical & human engineering sciences · 2024Article
- Black Americans' Diminished Return of Educational Attainment on Tobacco Use in Baltimore City.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Article
- Patient-Level Characteristics Associated with Tobacco Users and Nonusers at a Student-Run Free Clinic.Southern medical journal · 2023Article
- Association between School Achievement and Tobacco Susceptibility among US Adolescents: Ethnic Differences.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Temporal Trends (from 2008 to 2017) in Functional Limitations and Limitations in Activities of Daily Living: Findings from a Nationally Representative Sample of 5.4 Million Older Americans.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Parental Education and Adolescents' Asthma: The Role of Ethnicity.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough higher socioeconomic status (SES) indicators such as educational attainment are linked with health behaviors, the
aimsTo explore the Black/White differences in the association between education and smoking.
methodsThis cross-sectional study used the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 2017 (
resultsIn the pooled sample, higher educational attainment was associated with lower odds of ever and current smoking. Race interacted with the effects of higher educational attainment on current smoking, suggesting a stronger protective effect of higher education against current smoking for Whites than Blacks. Race did not interact with the effect of educational attainment on odds of ever smoking.
conclusionsIn line with previous research in the United States, education is more strongly associated with health and health behaviors in Whites than Blacks. Smaller protective effects of education on health behaviors may be due to the existing racism across institutions such as the education system and labor market.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.