ArticleRetina (Philadelphia, Pa.)2019
ACCURACY AND PRECISION OF INTRAVITREAL INJECTIONS OF ANTI-VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR AGENTS IN REAL LIFE: What Is Actually in the Syringe?
Article in Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intravitreal injection delivered volume under different environmental and training conditions.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Measurement of Acute Intraocular Pressure Elevation Immediately After Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Injection and Analysis of Prefilled Syringe Accuracy.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Clinical Outcomes and Experiences with Prefilled Syringes Versus Vials for Intravitreal Administration of Anti-VEGF Treatments: A Systematic Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2024Article
- Deformation of Aflibercept and Ranibizumab Syringes Causes Variation in Intravitreal Injection Volume and Risks Retinal Tear Formation.Ophthalmology science · 2022Article
- Incidence of severe rise in intraocular pressure after intravitreous injection of aflibercept with prefilled syringes.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Accuracy of intravitreal injection volume for aflibercept pre-filled syringe and BD Luer-Lok one-milliliter syringe.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2022Article
- Intravitreal air bubbles following intravitreal injections: a comprehensive analysis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Article
- Increasing vaccine supply with low dead-volume syringes and needles.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Container Closure and Delivery Considerations for Intravitreal Drug Administration.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2021Review
- Issues with Intravitreal Administration of Anti-VEGF Drugs.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Review
- Prefilled syringes for intravitreal drug delivery.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byCorrespondence.2025
- Commented on byReply.2025
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the accuracy and precision of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor volume delivery by intravitreal injections in the clinical setup.
methodsVolume output was measured in 669 intravitreal injections administered to patients, calculated from the difference in syringe weight before and after expelling the drug. Three groups were included: prefilled bevacizumab 1.0 mL syringe (Group 1, n = 432), pre-filled ranibizumab in a small-volume syringe with low dead-space plunger design (Group 2, n = 125), and aflibercept drawn and injected using a 1.0-mL syringe (Group 3, n = 112). Accuracy was analyzed by mean absolute percentage error, and precision by coefficient of variation.
resultsVolume outputs in all 3 groups were significantly different from the target of 50 μL (P < 0.0001 for all), and mean absolute percentage error values were 12.25% ± 5.92% in Group 1, 13.60% ± 8.75% in Group 2, and 24.69% ± 14.84% in Group 3. No difference was found between groups 1 and 2, but both were significantly more accurate than Group 3 (P < 0.0001 for both).
conclusionThe current practices used for intravitreal injections are highly variable, with overdelivery of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs measured in most cases, but underdelivery in 16.3% of injections. Use of a prefilled syringe was associated with improved accuracy, and low dead-space plunger design may improve precision.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.