Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29656731›Full record

ArticlePublic health nutrition2018

Validity of an FFQ to measure nutrient and food intakes in Tanzania.

Rachel M Zack, Kahema Irema, Patrick Kazonda, Germana H Leyna, Enju Liu, Susan Gilbert, Zohra Lukmanji, Donna Spiegelman, Wafaie Fawzi, Marina Njelekela and 2 more

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Article in Public health nutrition, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  9. Dietary patterns in Tanzania's transitioning rural and urban areas.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Rachel M Zack1Department of Epidemiology,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health,Kresge Building,Room 911,677 Huntington Avenue,Boston,MA 02115,USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1048-8938
Kahema Irema2School of Public Health,Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences,Dar es Salaam,United Republic of Tanzania.
Patrick Kazonda2School of Public Health,Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences,Dar es Salaam,United Republic of Tanzania.
Germana H Leyna2School of Public Health,Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences,Dar es Salaam,United Republic of Tanzania.
Enju Liu3Department of Global Health and Population,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health,Boston,MA,USA.
Susan Gilbert3Department of Global Health and Population,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health,Boston,MA,USA.
Zohra Lukmanji4Independent nutrition/dietetic consultant and consultant dietitian affiliated with Tumaini Comprehensive Infirmary,Dar es Salaam,United Republic of Tanzania.
Donna Spiegelman1Department of Epidemiology,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health,Kresge Building,Room 911,677 Huntington Avenue,Boston,MA 02115,USA.
Wafaie Fawzi1Department of Epidemiology,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health,Kresge Building,Room 911,677 Huntington Avenue,Boston,MA 02115,USA.
Marina Njelekela7Department of Physiology,Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences,Dar es Salaam,United Republic of Tanzania.
Japhet Killewo2School of Public Health,Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences,Dar es Salaam,United Republic of Tanzania.
Goodarz Danaei1Department of Epidemiology,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health,Kresge Building,Room 911,677 Huntington Avenue,Boston,MA 02115,USA.

Funding

Training Program in Cancer EpidemiologyT32CA009001 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI A. Heather Eliassen, Meir Stampfer · 1985 to 2026
$17.3M
The Center for the Global Demography of AgingP30AG024409 · NIA · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI BLOOM, DAVID E · 2004 to 2019
$7.9M
NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009001NIA NIH HHS P30 AG024409
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveFFQ are often used to estimate food and nutrient intakes to rank individuals by their level of intake. We evaluated the relative validity of a semi-quantitative FFQ created for use in Tanzania by comparing it with two 24 h diet recalls.

designWe measured relative validity of the FFQ with deattenuated energy-adjusted rank correlations for nutrients, deattenuated rank correlations for food groups, and performed a cross-classification analysis of energy-adjusted nutrient quartiles using percentage of agreement and Bland-Altman analysis.

settingInterviews were conducted in 2014 in participants' homes in Ukonga, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. SUBJECTS: We surveyed 317 adults aged 40 years or older from the general public.

resultsDeattenuated energy-adjusted rank correlation coefficients of nutrients ranged from -0·03 for riboflavin to 0·41 for percentage of energy from carbohydrates, with a median correlation of 0·21. Coefficients for food groups ranged from 0·00 for root vegetables to 0·51 for alcohol, with a median of 0·35. Relative to the average of the two 24 h diet recalls, the FFQ overestimated energy intake and intakes of all nutrients and food groups, other than tea, with ratios among nutrients ranging from 1·34 for SFA to 7·08 for vitamin A; and among food groups from 0·92 for tea to 9·00 for fruit. The percentage of participants classified into the same nutrient intake quartile ranged from 23 % for SFA to 32 % for both niacin and pantothenic acid, with a median of 28 %.

conclusionsThe FFQ performed moderately well in urban Tanzanian adults.

Indexed as

Diet RecordsAdultAgedDietDiet SurveysEnergy IntakeFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsTanzaniaFFQNutritional epidemiologySub-Saharan AfricaTanzaniaValidation

Identifiers

PMID29656731
PMCPMC6101256

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.