Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29655200›Full record

SynthesisMaternal & child nutrition2018

Infant formula feeding practices associated with rapid weight gain: A systematic review.

Jessica Appleton, Catherine Georgina Russell, Rachel Laws, Cathrine Fowler, Karen Campbell, Elizabeth Denney-Wilson

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Maternal & child nutrition, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
74citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

74 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  3. Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed term infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
    Pooled it
  4. Integrative Review of Mental Health and Feeding Styles in Parents of Bottle-Fed Infants.Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN · 2023
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  20. Infant social withdrawal and rapid infant weight gain.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026
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14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jessica AppletonFaculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5416-4471
Catherine Georgina RussellFaculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Rachel LawsInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Cathrine FowlerFaculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Karen CampbellInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Elizabeth Denney-WilsonFaculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Excess or rapid weight gain during the first 2 years of life is associated with an increased risk of later childhood and adult overweight and obesity. When compared with breastfed infants, formula fed infants are more likely to experience excess or rapid weight gain, and this increased risk in formula fed infant populations may be due to a number of different mechanisms. These mechanisms include the nutrient composition of the formula and the way formula is prepared and provided to infants. This systematic literature review examines the association between formula feeding practice and excess or rapid weight gain. This review explores these different mechanisms and provides practical recommendations for best practice formula feeding to reduce rapid weight gain. Eighteen studies are included in this review. The findings are complicated by the challenges in study design and accuracy of measurements. Nevertheless, there are some potential recommendations for best practice formula feeding that may reduce excess or rapid weight gain, such as providing formula with lower protein content, not adding cereals into bottles, not putting a baby to bed with a bottle, and not overfeeding formula. Although further well designed studies are required before more firm recommendations can be made.

Indexed as

Weight GainBottle FeedingBreast FeedingDietary ProteinsHumansInfantInfant FormulaInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaNon-Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicNutrition AssessmentNutritive ValueOverweightPediatric ObesityRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk FactorsDietary Proteinschildhood obesityinfant feedinginfant feeding behavioursinfant formulainfant growthsystematic review

Identifiers

PMID29655200
PMCPMC6866175

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.