ArticleBMC cancer2018
BB-Cl-Amidine as a novel therapeutic for canine and feline mammary cancer via activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.
Article in BMC cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in diabetic wound healing: mechanisms, pathological roles, and therapeutic implications.Burns & trauma · 2026Review
- Structure-Activity Relationship of PAD4 Inhibitors and Their Role in Tumor Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- PAD-mediated citrullination is a novel candidate diagnostic marker and druggable target for HPV-associated cervical cancer.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Protein citrullination: inhibition, identification and insertion.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Peptidylarginine deiminase enzymes and citrullinated proteins in female reproductive physiology and associated diseases†.Biology of reproduction · 2022Review
- A Pilot Study on Peptidylarginine Deiminases and Protein Deimination in Animal Cancers across Vertebrate Species.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Novel antiviral activity of PAD inhibitors against human beta-coronaviruses HCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2.Antiviral research · 2022Article
- Beyond tradition and convention: benefits of non-traditional model organisms in cancer research.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2021Review
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and Microtubule Inhibitors Induce Apoptosis in Feline Luminal Mammary Carcinoma Cells.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Applicability of Small-Molecule Inhibitors in the Study of Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase 2 (PAD2) and PAD4.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase 2 (PADI2)-Mediated Arginine Citrullination Modulates Transcription in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Epigenetic Mechanisms in Canine Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Inhibiting PAD2 enhances the anti-tumor effect of docetaxel in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2019Article
- Thioredoxin Modulates Protein Arginine Deiminase 4 (PAD4)-Catalyzed Citrullination.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMammary cancer is highly prevalent in dogs and cats and results in a poor prognosis due to critically lacking viable treatment options. Recent human and mouse studies have suggested that inhibiting peptidyl arginine deiminase enzymes (PAD) may be a novel breast cancer therapy. Based on the similarities between human breast cancer and mammary cancer in dogs and cats, we hypothesized that PAD inhibitors would also be an effective treatment for mammary cancer in these animals.
methodsCanine and feline mammary cancer cell lines were treated with BB-Cl-Amidine (BB-CLA) and evaluated for viability and tumorigenicity. Endoplasmic reticulum stress was tested by western blot, immunofluorescence, and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Canine and feline mammary cancer xenograft models were created using NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice, and were treated with BB-CLA for two weeks.
resultsWe found that BB-CLA reduced viability and tumorigenicity of canine and feline mammary cancer cell lines in vitro. Additionally, we demonstrated that BB-CLA activates the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in these cells by downregulating 78 kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (GRP78), a potential target in breast cancer for molecular therapy, and upregulating the downstream target gene DNA Damage Inducible Transcript 3 (DDIT3). Finally, we established a mouse xenograft model of both canine and feline mammary cancer in which we preliminarily tested the effects of BB-CLA in vivo.
conclusionWe propose that our established mouse xenograft models will be useful for the study of mammary cancer in dogs and cats, and furthermore, that BB-CLA has potential as a novel therapeutic for mammary cancer in these species.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.