Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29644214›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in oncology2018

Anti-PD-1 and Anti-CTLA-4 Therapies in Cancer: Mechanisms of Action, Efficacy, and Limitations.

Judith A Seidel, Atsushi Otsuka, Kenji Kabashima

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06016413 (A Prospective, Single-arm, Phase II Study of Adelbelimab Combined With Carboplatin and Nab-paclitaxel in Neoadjuvant Therapy for Patients With Resectable Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck), which is not on this map. Cited by 788 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
788citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06016413 phase2not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

A Prospective, Single-arm, Phase II Study of Adelbelimab Combined With Carboplatin and Nab-paclitaxel in Neoadjuvant Therapy for Patients With Resectable Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

TypeinterventionalSponsorSun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityRan2023 to 2026Enrolled30ConditionsHead and Neck Squamous Cell CarcinomaArmsNab paclitaxel, Carboplatin, adelbelimumab
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

788 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  16. Humoral immunity in cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
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728 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Judith A SeidelDepartment of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Atsushi OtsukaDepartment of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Kenji KabashimaDepartment of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Melanoma, a skin cancer associated with high mortality rates, is highly radio- and chemotherapy resistant but can also be very immunogenic. These circumstances have led to a recent surge in research into therapies aiming to boost anti-tumor immune responses in cancer patients. Among these immunotherapies, neutralizing antibodies targeting the immune checkpoints T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) are being hailed as particularly successful. These antibodies have resulted in dramatic improvements in disease outcome and are now clinically approved in many countries. However, the majority of advanced stage melanoma patients do not respond or will relapse, and the hunt for the "magic bullet" to treat the disease continues. This review examines the mechanisms of action and the limitations of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies which are the two types of checkpoint inhibitors currently available to patients and further explores the future avenues of their use in melanoma and other cancers.

Indexed as

biomarkerscancerimmune checkpoint inhibitorsimmunotherapymelanomamode of actionside effects

Identifiers

PMID29644214
PMCPMC5883082

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.