ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2018
Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Emergency Department Visits Associated With Wildfire Smoke Exposure in California in 2015.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance recommendations toward environmentally sustainable cardiovascular magnetic resonance.Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · 2025Guideline
- Climate Change and Cardiovascular Health: A Systematic Review.JAMA cardiology · 2024Pooled it
- Health Effects of Wildfire Smoke Exposure.Annual review of medicine · 2024Pooled it
- The Effect of Fire Smoke Exposure on Firefighters' Lung Function: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- A Literature Review on the Impact of Wildfires on Emergency Departments: Enhancing Disaster Preparedness.Prehospital and disaster medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Transcriptomic signature comparisons identify conserved key events and respiratory disease signatures most similar to wildfire-relevant exposure.Chemico-biological interactions · 2026Article
- Cardiopulmonary hospitalization risks from wildfire-specific and non-wildfire PMNature communications · 2026Article
- Québec Wildfires and Respiratory Emergency Department Visits in Charlottesville, Virginia.EcoHealth · 2026Article
- Stroke and climate change: A World Stroke Organization scientific statement.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2026Review
- The Impact of Wildfire Smoke on Acute Cardiovascular and Respiratory Illness in the US.Research square · 2026Article
- Wildfire smoke-related PMEnvironment international · 2026Article
- Hurricanes, Neighborhood Disadvantage, and Cardiopulmonary Health in US Veterans.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- US Emergency Department Use and Operations Amid Natural Disasters: A Narrative Review.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2026Review
- CD4+ T Cell Activation and Peripheral Immune Cell Influx into the Brain Following Wildfire Smoke Exposure is Modulated by a Saturated Fat Diet.Research square · 2026Article
- Impact of Wildfire Smoke on Respiratory Disease Associated Healthcare Utilization in Gang-Won Province, South Korea, in 2017.GeoHealth · 2026Article
- Wildfire smoke induces GM3 ganglioside lipid accumulation and transcriptomic shifts in mouse lung tissue: A smoke signal story.The Science of the total environment · 2025Article
- Wildfire and asthma - The prospective interventions.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2025Review
- Neurometabolomic impacts of wood smoke and protective benefits of anti-aging therapeutics in aged female C57BL/6J mice.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2025Article
- Assessing the Impact of Wildfire Emissions on the Seasonal Cycle of CO and Emergency Room Visits in Alberta and Ontario, Canada.GeoHealth · 2025Article
- The 2024 South America ablaze: health impacts and policy imperatives for protecting population health in an era of wildfires.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Review
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWildfire smoke is known to exacerbate respiratory conditions; however, evidence for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events has been inconsistent, despite biological plausibility. METHODS AND
resultsA population-based epidemiologic analysis was conducted for daily cardiovascular and cerebrovascular emergency department (ED) visits and wildfire smoke exposure in 2015 among adults in 8 California air basins. A quasi-Poisson regression model was used for zip code-level counts of ED visits, adjusting for heat index, day of week, seasonality, and population. Satellite-imaged smoke plumes were classified as light, medium, or dense based on model-estimated concentrations of fine particulate matter. Relative risk was determined for smoky days for lag days 0 to 4. Rates of ED visits by age- and sex-stratified groups were also examined. Rates of all-cause cardiovascular ED visits were elevated across all lags, with the greatest increase on dense smoke days and among those aged ≥65 years at lag 0 (relative risk 1.15, 95% confidence interval [1.09, 1.22]). All-cause cerebrovascular visits were associated with smoke, especially among those 65 years and older, (1.22 [1.00, 1.49], dense smoke, lag 1). Respiratory conditions were also increased, as anticipated (1.18 [1.08, 1.28], adults >65 years, dense smoke, lag 1). No association was found for the control condition, acute appendicitis. Elevated risks for individual diagnoses included myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, dysrhythmia, pulmonary embolism, ischemic stroke, and transient ischemic attack.
conclusionsAnalysis of an extensive wildfire season found smoke exposure to be associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ED visits for all adults, particularly for those over aged 65 years.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.