ReviewMolecular pain
Chronic migraine: A process of dysmodulation and sensitization.
Review in Molecular pain. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 146 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbiota, probiotics, and migraine: a clinical review and meta-analysis.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2025Pooled it
- The durable effect of acupuncture for episodic migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Treatment of resistant chronic migraine with anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies: a systematic review.European journal of medical research · 2022Pooled it
- Atogepant for Migraine Prevention: A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety.Clinical drug investigation · 2022Pooled it
- An underrepresented majority: A systematic review utilizing allodynic criteria to examine the present scarcity of discrete animal models for episodic migraine.Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2021Pooled it
- Lidocaine Combined With Platelet-Rich Plasma for Stellate Ganglion Block in Chronic Migraine: A Multicenter, Prospective, Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Altered static-dynamic interhemispheric connectivity and transcriptional features underlying lateralization in patients with migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Dietary Modulation of Migraine: Metabolic, Neuroinflammatory and Microbiota-Mediated Mechanisms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Alleviation of nitroglycerin-induced migraine in rats: inhibition of central sensitization by optimizing Qinggan Jieyu decoction regulation of purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 7 and autophagy.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2026Article
- Article
- Trends in the Disease Burden of Migraine Among Women of Reproductive Age (15-49 Years) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, 1990-2023.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- A potential neuroimaging biomarker for depression in migraine patients: imbalance in excitation and inhibition in the medial superior frontal cortex.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN · 2026Article
- Integrative Migraine Therapy: From Current Concepts to Future Directions-A Plastic Surgeon's Perspective.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- The P2Y13 receptor-mediated microglial morphological transformation through the p38MAPK signaling pathway contributes to central sensitization in a murine model of chronic migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Compromised PGF2α signaling in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus contributes to the central sensitization of the nitroglycerin-induced chronic migraine in male mice.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- The lactylation-immune regulatory axis: a potential therapeutic target for migraine prevention and treatment.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Unmasking the relationship between CGRP and glutamate: from peripheral excitation to central sensitization in migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Review
- Effectiveness and tolerability of rimegepant in the acute treatment of migraine: a real-world, prospective, multicentric study (GAINER study).The journal of headache and pain · 2025Observational
- Article
- Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on neuro electrical activity in mice with migraine.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic migraine is a common chronic daily headache featured by frequent headache attacks with at least 15 headache days per month, which brings great disease burden to both the sufferers and the society. Transformed from episodic migraine, the pathophysiology of chronic migraine is not fully understood, even though several risk factors have been associated with migraine progression. Recent studies have identified both structural and functional alterations in some brain regions of chronic migraine patients indicating that maladaptation of the top-down pain modulation and subsequent sensitization of trigeminal system may be important in the pathogenesis of chronic migraine. Moreover, biochemical analysis has confirmed several molecules related to chronic migraine, which may serve as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. Chronic migraine is undertreated because of its poor treatment response and limited therapy options. In this article, we reviewed the latest data to outline the clinical feature, pathophysiological mechanism, and management of chronic migraine, in the expectation to provide direction for future research and finally to take good care of chronic migraine patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.