ArticleViruses2018
Glycosylation of Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase of Influenza A Virus as Signature for Ecological Spillover and Adaptation among Influenza Reservoirs.
Article in Viruses, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Viral pathogens in the etiology of acute respiratory infections in Bulgaria during the 2024-2025 season and genetic diversity of circulating influenza viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Genetic diversity of H9N2 avian influenza viruses in Iran over the past two decades.Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2026Article
- Cross-protective efficacy of NA-based mRNA vaccine candidates against seasonal and avian influenza viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Glycan-reactive antibodies isolated from human HIV-1 vaccine trial participants show broad pathogen cross-reactivity.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Genomic and evolutionary characterization of newly emerged highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade (2023-2025).Veterinary world · 2025Article
- Evolution and Vaccine Strain Match ofVaccines · 2025Article
- Genetic and Serological Analysis of H7N3 Avian Influenza Viruses in Mexico for Pandemic Risk Assessment.Viruses · 2025Article
- Bridging Viral Glycobiology and Lectin Biotechnology for Antiviral and Diagnostic Strategies.ACS bio & med chem Au · 2025Review
- Genetic Variation Analysis and Research on Biological Characteristics of Duck Hepatitis Virus Type 3: A Comparison Between Historical Strains in Yunnan and Recent Epidemic Strains.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
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- H3 hemagglutinin proteins optimized for 2018 to 2022 elicit neutralizing antibodies across panels of modern influenza A(H3N2) viruses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Comparative Mutational Analysis and the Glycosylation Patterns of a Peruvian Isolated Avian Influenza A Virus H5N1: Exploring Possible Viral Spillover Events Within One Health Approach.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
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- Molecular Markers and Mechanisms of Influenza A Virus Cross-Species Transmission and New Host Adaptation.Viruses · 2024Review
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- Sequence Analysis of the Malaysian Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Strain H5N2 from Duck.Genes · 2023Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glycosylation of the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) of the influenza provides crucial means for immune evasion and viral fitness in a host population. However, the time-dependent dynamics of each glycosylation sites have not been addressed. We monitored the potential N-linked glycosylation (NLG) sites of over 10,000 HA and NA of H1N1 subtype isolated from human, avian, and swine species over the past century. The results show a shift in glycosylation sites as a hallmark of 1918 and 2009 pandemics, and also for the 1976 "abortive pandemic". Co-segregation of particular glycosylation sites was identified as a characteristic of zoonotic transmission from animal reservoirs, and interestingly, of "reverse zoonosis" of human viruses into swine populations as well. After the 2009 pandemic, recent isolates accrued glycosylation at canonical sites in HA, reflecting gradual seasonal adaptation, and a novel glycosylation in NA as an independent signature for adaptation among humans. Structural predictions indicated a remarkably pleiotropic influence of glycans on multiple HA epitopes for immune evasion, without sacrificing the receptor binding of HA or the activity of NA. The results provided the rationale for establishing the ecological niche of influenza viruses among the reservoir and could be implemented for influenza surveillance and improving pandemic preparedness.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.