ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2018
A Single Dose of Atorvastatin Applied Acutely after Spinal Cord Injury Suppresses Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Promotes Axon Outgrowth, Which Might Be Essential for Favorable Functional Outcome.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Exploring synergistic effects: Atorvastatin and electrical stimulation in spinal cord injury therapy.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Delayed atorvastatin delivery promotes recovery after experimental spinal cord injury.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Article
- Daily high doses of atorvastatin alter neuronal morphology in a juvenile songbird model.PloS one · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Temporal Dynamics and Molecular Regulation Profiles of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Following Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Immunomodulation by the combination of statin and matrix-bound nanovesicle enhances optic nerve regeneration.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2024Article
- Atorvastatin Promotes Pro/anti-inflammatory Phenotypic Transformation of Microglia via Wnt/β-catenin Pathway in Hypoxic-Ischemic Neonatal Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Investigating LIM (Lin-11, Isl-1, and Mec-3) Kinases and Their Correlation with Pathological Events and Microtubule Dynamics in an Experimental Model of Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- Impact of Endurance Training on Regeneration of Axons, Glial Cells, and Inhibitory Neurons after Spinal Cord Injury: A Link between Functional Outcome and Regeneration Potential within the Lesion Site and in Adjacent Spinal Cord Tissue.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Epidural oscillating field stimulation increases axonal regenerative capacity and myelination after spinal cord trauma.Neural regeneration research · 2022Article
- Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Approaches for Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Autonomic Dysreflexia following Spinal Cord Injury.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2022Review
- A Single Administration of Riluzole Applied Acutely After Spinal Cord Injury Attenuates Pro-inflammatory Activity and Improves Long-Term Functional Recovery in Rats.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2022Article
- Activation of Three Major Signaling Pathways After Endurance Training and Spinal Cord Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- The role of immune cells and associated immunological factors in the immune response to spinal cord injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Glial-Neuronal Interactions in Pathogenesis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
- Atorvastatin Upregulates microRNA-186 and Inhibits the TLR4-Mediated MAPKs/NF-κB Pathway to Relieve Steroid-Induced Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- CRISPR, Prime Editing, Optogenetics, and DREADDs: New Therapeutic Approaches Provided by Emerging Technologies in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2020Review
- Rhein lysinate improves motor function in rats with spinal cord injury via inhibiting p38 MAPK pathway.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of our study was to limit the inflammatory response after a spinal cord injury (SCI) using Atorvastatin (ATR), a potent inhibitor of cholesterol biosynthesis. Adult Wistar rats were divided into five experimental groups: one control group, two Th9 compression (40 g/15 min) groups, and two Th9 compression + ATR (5 mg/kg, i.p.) groups. The animals survived one day and six weeks. ATR applied in a single dose immediately post-SCI strongly reduced IL-1β release at 4 and 24 h and considerably reduced the activation of resident cells at one day post-injury. Acute ATR treatment effectively prevented the excessive infiltration of destructive M1 macrophages cranially, at the lesion site, and caudally (by 66%, 62%, and 52%, respectively) one day post-injury, whereas the infiltration of beneficial M2 macrophages was less affected (by 27%, 41%, and 16%). In addition, at the same time point, ATR visibly decreased caspase-3 cleavage in neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Six weeks post-SCI, ATR increased the expression of neurofilaments in the dorsolateral columns and Gap43-positive fibers in the lateral columns around the epicenter, and from day 30 to 42, significantly improved the motor activity of the hindlimbs. We suggest that early modulation of the inflammatory response via effects on the M1/M2 macrophages and the inhibition of caspase-3 expression could be crucial for the functional outcome.
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Registered trials
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