ArticlePloS one2018
Associations of stunting in early childhood with cardiometabolic risk factors in adulthood.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Systematic review to evaluate a potential association between helminth infection and physical stunting in children.Parasites & vectors · 2022Pooled it
- Reversible aberrancies in gut microbiome of moderate and late preterm infants: results from a randomized, controlled trial.Gut microbes · 2023Trial
- Impact of supplementation with milk-cereal mix during 6-12 months of age on growth at 12 months: a 3-arm randomized controlled trial in Delhi, India.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Trial
- Article
- Article
- Infections, Animal-Source Foods, and Micronutrient Status as Correlates of Serum IGF-1 in Children with Stunting: A Cross-sectional Study in Uganda.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Growth standards from birth to age 5: a population-specific retrospective longitudinal "WeChildren-Ningbo" study of 500 000 children and comparative analysis with WHO/national references.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Trends in the prevalence of concurrent anaemia and stunting among infants and young children in Rwanda: a cross-sectional study from 2010 to 2020.Global health action · 2025Article
- Social and Environmental Determinants of Childhood Stunting in Indonesia: National Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2025Article
- Understanding Stunting: Impact, Causes, and Strategy to Accelerate Stunting Reduction-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Impact of Early Childhood Malnutrition on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults from Marginalized Areas of Chiapas, Mexico.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Maternal factors promoting normal linear growth of children from impoverished Rwandan households: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Association of birth weight with risk of diabetes mellitus in adolescence and early adulthood: analysis of the Indonesian Family Life Survey.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2023Article
- Globally elevated levels of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation in early infancy are associated with poor growth trajectory in Bangladeshi children.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Article
- Likelihood of obesity in early and late childhood based on growth trajectory during infancy.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2023Article
- Understanding factors associated with rural-urban disparities of stunting among under-five children in Rwanda: A decomposition analysis approach.Maternal & child nutrition · 2023Article
- The association of sociodemographic, nutrition, and sanitation on stunting in children under five in rural area of West Java Province in Indonesia.Journal of public health research · 2023Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Stunting among Children Aged 6-23 Months from Poor Households in Rwanda.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Effects of Perinatal Antibiotic Exposure and Neonatal Gut Microbiota.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Early life stunting may have long-term effects on body composition, resulting in obesity-related comorbidities. We tested the hypothesis that individuals stunted in early childhood may be at higher cardiometabolic risk later in adulthood. 1753 men and 1781 women participating in the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study had measurements of anthropometry, body composition, lipids, glucose, blood pressure, and other cardiometabolic traits at age 30 years. Early stunting was defined as height-for-age Z-score at age 2 years below -2 against the World Health Organization growth standards. Linear regression models were performed controlling for sex, maternal race/ethnicity, family income at birth, and birthweight. Analyses were stratified by sex when p-interaction<0.05. Stunted individuals were shorter (β = -0.71 s.d.; 95% CI: -0.78 to -0.64), had lower BMI (β = -0.14 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.25 to -0.03), fat mass (β = -0.28 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.38 to -0.17), SAFT (β = -0.16 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.26 to -0.06), systolic (β = -0.12 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.21 to -0.02) and diastolic blood pressure (β = -0.11 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.22 to -0.01), and higher VFT/SAFT ratio (β = 0.15 s.d.; 95%CI: 0.06 to 0.24), in comparison with non-stunted individuals. In addition, early stunting was associated with lower fat free mass in both men (β = -0.39 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.47 to -0.31) and women (β = -0.37 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.46 to -0.29) after adjustment for potential confounders. Our results suggest that early stunting has implications on attained height, body composition and blood pressure. The apparent tendency of stunted individuals to accumulate less fat-free mass and subcutaneous fat might predispose them towards increased metabolic risks in later life.
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