ArticleAnnals of neurology2018
Blood pressure and risk of incident Alzheimer's disease dementia by antihypertensive medications and APOE ε4 allele.
Article in Annals of neurology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of APOE ε4 in modulating the relationship between non-genetic risk factors and dementia: a system review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Blood Pressure, Antihypertensive Use, and Late-Life Alzheimer and Non-Alzheimer Dementia Risk: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.Neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Use of Antihypertensives, Blood Pressure, and Estimated Risk of Dementia in Late Life: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Evidence-based prevention of Alzheimer's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of 243 observational prospective studies and 153 randomised controlled trials.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Antihypertensive medications and risk for incident dementia and Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis of individual participant data from prospective cohort studies.The Lancet. Neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Epidemiological and clinical evidence on blood pressure management for the prevention of dementia: striving for a healthy 100-year life.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Late-onset alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, and cerebrovascular disease. A complex relationship too often neglected: a narrative review.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Review
- Does Ideal Blood Pressure Vary by Cognitive Domain? A UK Biobank Study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- Longitudinal associations between lipid panel and cognitive decline modified by APOE 4 carrier status in biracial community-dwelling older adults: Findings from the Chicago health and aging project.Archives of gerontology and geriatrics · 2025Article
- Trajectories of Cognitive Decline Before and After New-Onset Hypertension.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- APOE4, Blood Neurodegenerative Biomarkers, and Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Blood Pressure Variability and Cognition in Black and White Older Adults Over 18 Years of Follow-up: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Neurology · 2025Observational
- External validation of dementia prediction models in Black or African American and White older adults: A longitudinal population-based study in the United States.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Experimental laboratory models as tools for understanding modifiable dementia risk.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Review
- Association between blood pressure and dementia in older adults: a cross-sectional study from China.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Inverse Association of APOE ε4 and Glaucoma Modified by Systemic Hypertension: The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Effect of a Vegan Diet on Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Low Values for Blood Pressure, BMI, and Non-HDL Cholesterol and the Risk of Late-Life Dementia.Neurology · 2022Observational
- Adherence to MIND Diet, Genetic Susceptibility, and Incident Dementia in Three US Cohorts.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Gender-specific clinical risk scores incorporating blood pressure variability for predicting incident dementia.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the association of blood pressure (BP) with incident Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia.
methodsThis work is based on a longitudinal, cohort study of 18 years, the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP) performed in 2,137 participants (55% black) with systolic BP measured around 8.1 years before incident AD dementia.
resultsThe association of BP with risk of AD dementia was U-shaped, with the lowest risks of AD dementia near the center of the systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) distributions, and modestly elevated risk at lower BPs, and greater risk at higher BPs. The degree of U-shape and the range of lowest risk (threshold ranges) varied with antihypertensive medication use and presence of the APOE ε4 allele. The U-shape was most prominent for the subgroup not taking antihypertensive medications and having an APOE ε4 allele. At higher BPs, those having the APOE ε4 allele and not receiving antihypertensive medication were at greater risk of AD dementia than other groups: The risk of incident AD dementia increased by 100% (relative risk [RR] = 2.00; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.70, 2.31) for every 10 mm Hg increase in SBP above 140 mm Hg. For DBP, the risk of incident of AD dementia increased by 57% (RR = 1.57; 95% CI = 1.33, 1.86) for every 5 mm Hg increase in DBP above 76 mm Hg.
interpretationThe BP risk of AD dementia association is U-shaped, with elevated risk at lower and higher BPs. People having the APOE ε4 allele and not receiving antihypertensive medication with higher BPs have notably elevated risk of AD dementia. Ann Neurol 2018;83:935-944.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.