ReviewDer Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete2018
[Phlebological emergencies].
Review in Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundDeep and superficial vein thromboses as well as variceal hemorrhages are emergencies. The risk of short- and long-term morbidity and mortality in vein thromboses is increased. Variceal hemorrhage harbors the risk of massive blood loss. Prompt and adequate therapy of these diseases is therefore essential.
objectivesOur aim was to give an overview of these phlebological emergencies. MATERIALS AND
methodsBased on the current guidelines and supplemented by a selective literature search in PubMed, we summarize the most important aspects for clinical practice.
resultsIn deep vein thrombosis, therapeutic anticoagulation and compression therapy are indicated for a duration of at least 3-6 months. A shorter duration is associated with a considerably increased recurrence rate. Basic measures in superficial vein thrombosis comprise mobilization, cooling, and compression. In case of tenderness on palpation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are recommended. Indication for anticoagulation and its dose depends on length of the thrombus and distance of the proximal part of the thrombus towards the deep veins. Variceal hemorrhage is a complication of advanced varicosis and can usually be handled with simple measures such as elevation of the extremity and compression.
conclusionsPrompt diagnosis and therapy is essential in superficial and deep vein thrombosis to prevent short-term complications such as pulmonary embolism and growth of the thrombus as well as long-term complications such as postthrombotic syndrome with secondary varicosis and chronic leg ulcer. After the occurrence of varicophlebitis or variceal hemorrhage, treatment of varicosis is indicated to prevent recurrences.
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