ArticleOrphanet journal of rare diseases2018
GAD65 autoantibody characteristics in patients with co-occurring type 1 diabetes and epilepsy may help identify underlying epilepsy etiologies.
Article in Orphanet journal of rare diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recurrent Autoimmune Encephalitis in a Patient With Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1.Case reports in critical care · 2026Article
- Article
- Navigating the Complexity of Stiff Person Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.Cureus · 2024Article
- Neurological Diseases and Prevalence of Antineuronal Antibodies in Patients with Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1 - A National Cohort Study.Journal of clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Consensus Paper: Latent Autoimmune Cerebellar Ataxia (LACA).Cerebellum (London, England) · 2024Article
- GAD65Abs Are Not Associated With Beta-Cell Dysfunction in Patients With T2D in the GRADE Study.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024 · on this mapArticle
- Stiff Person Spectrum Disorders-An Update and Outlook on Clinical, Pathophysiological and Treatment Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Anti-GAD65 autoantibody levels measured by ELISA and alternative types of immunoassays in relation to neuropsychiatric diseases versus diabetes mellitus type 1.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway in Epilepsy.Current neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- Intractable Seizures and Limbic Encephalitis, Unaccounted Complications of Type 1 Diabetes Autoimmunity.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Article
- Dual ankyrinG and subpial autoantibodies in a man with well-controlled HIV infection with steroid-responsive meningoencephalitis: A case report.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Histopathologic Characterization and Neurodegenerative Markers in Patients With Limbic Encephalitis Undergoing Epilepsy Surgery.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- GAD antibody-spectrum disorders: progress in clinical phenotypes, immunopathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2021Review
- Islet Autoantibodies in the Patients with Sjogren's Syndrome and Thyroid Disease and Risk of Progression to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Case Series.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2021Article
- GAD antibodies in neurological disorders - insights and challenges.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2020Review
- Continuous Visual Focal Status Epilepticus as the Primary Presentation of NMDA-R and GAD65-R Autoimmune Epilepsy.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
- Association of stiff-person syndrome with autoimmune endocrine diseases.World journal of clinical cases · 2019Article
- Anti-GAD Antibodies and the Cerebellum: Where Do We Stand?Cerebellum (London, England) · 2019Article
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8 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAutoantibodies against the smaller isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65Ab) reflect autoimmune etiologies in Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and several neurological disorders, including Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS). GAD65Ab are also reported in cases of epilepsy, indicating an autoimmune component. GAD65Ab in patients with co-occurring T1D, epilepsy or SPS may be part of either autoimmune pathogenesis. To dissect the etiologies associated with GAD65Ab, we analyzed GAD65Ab titer, epitope specificity and enzyme inhibition in GAD65Ab-positive patients diagnosed with epilepsy (n = 28), patients with epilepsy and T1D (n = 10), patients with SPS (n = 20), and patients with T1D (n = 42).
resultsGAD65Ab epitope pattern in epilepsy differed from T1D and SPS patients. Four of 10 patients with co-occurring T1D and epilepsy showed GAD65Ab profiles similar to T1D patients, while lacking GAD65Ab characteristics found in GAD65Ab-positive epilepsy patients. One of these patients responded well to anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), while another patient did not require medication for seizure control. The third patient was refractory due to a diagnosis of meningioma. The response of the remaining patient to AEDs was unknown. GAD65Ab in the remaining six patients with T1D and epilepsy showed profiles similar to those in epilepsy patients.
conclusionsDifferent autoimmune responses associated with T1D, epilepsy and SPS are reflected by disease-specific GAD65Ab patterns. Moreover, the epileptic etiology in patients diagnosed with both T1D and epilepsy may present two different etiologies regarding their epileptic condition. In one group T1D co-occurs with non-autoimmune epilepsy. In the other group GAD65Ab are part of an autoimmune epileptic condition.
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