SynthesisBMC medical education2018
Meta-analysis on the effectiveness of team-based learning on medical education in China.
Synthesis in BMC medical education, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Application of flipped classroom in surgical education: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of AI-assisted medical education for Chinese undergraduate medical students: a meta-analysis.BMC medical education · 2025Pooled it
- Team-based learning in health professions education: an umbrella review.BMC medical education · 2024Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of students' readiness assurance test performance with team-based learning.BMC medical education · 2020Pooled it
- Team-based learning pedagogy enhances the quality of Chinese pharmacy education: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medical education · 2019Pooled it
- Effects of bedside team-based learning on pediatric clinical practice in Chinese medical students.BMC medical education · 2022Trial
- Teaching critical appraisal to large classes of undergraduate medical students using team-based learning versus group discussions: a randomized controlled trial.BMC medical education · 2022Trial
- Effectiveness of a SNAPPS in psychiatric residents assessed using objective structured teaching encounters: a case-control study.Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina · 2022Trial
- Team-based learning for teaching musculoskeletal ultrasound skills: a prospective randomised trial.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2021Trial
- Integrated Team-Based Learning in a UK Undergraduate Medical Programme.The clinical teacher · 2026Article
- Transforming Clinical Skills Training: Integrating OSCE into Team-Based Learning for teaching undergraduate medical students.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Implementation strategies of team-based learning in undergraduate medical curricula: a scoping review.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Active Learning in Biostatistics Education for Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus · 2026Review
- Enhancing orthopedic education in China with the BOPPPS teaching model and 3D printing technology: a comparative study.3D printing in medicine · 2025Article
- Hybrid BOPPPS model in radiology education: a case study of pediatric undergraduates.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- Improving learning experience through implementing standardized team-based learning process in undergraduate medical education.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- Team-based learning versus traditional teaching effect on pharmacy Students' Performance: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the effectiveness of using flipped classroom in puncture skills teaching.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- Effects of six teaching strategies on medical students: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Team-based learning (TBL) in clinical disciplines for undergraduate medical students-a scoping review.BMC medical education · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTeam-based learning (TBL) has been adopted as a new medical pedagogical approach in China. However, there are no studies or reviews summarizing the effectiveness of TBL on medical education. This study aims to obtain an overall estimation of the effectiveness of TBL on outcomes of theoretical teaching of medical education in China.
methodsWe retrieved the studies from inception through December, 2015. Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Wanfang Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Database were searched. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was applied for the estimation of the pooled effects. Heterogeneity assumption was detected by I
resultsA total of 13 articles including 1545 participants eventually entered into the meta-analysis. The quality scores of these studies ranged from 6 to 10. Altogether, TBL significantly increased students' theoretical examination scores when compared with lecture-based learning (LBL) (SMD = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.53-3.40). Additionally, TBL significantly increased students' learning attitude (SMD = 3.23, 95% CI: 2.27-4.20), and learning skill (SMD = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.33-4.07). The meta-regression results showed that randomization, education classification and gender diversity were the factors that caused heterogeneity.
conclusionsTBL in theoretical teaching of medical education seems to be more effective than LBL in improving the knowledge, attitude and skill of students in China, providing evidence for the implement of TBL in medical education in China. The medical schools should implement TBL with the consideration on the practical teaching situations such as students' education level.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.