ArticleEpidemiology and infection2018
Waterborne Norovirus outbreak at a seaside resort likely originating from municipal water distribution system failure.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Occurrence of viruses in sewage sludge: A systematic review.The Science of the total environment · 2022Pooled it
- Investigation of the presence of human adenovirus, norovirus, and rotavirus in tap water in Marrakech, Morocco.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Foodborne Pathogens Across Different Food Matrices in Sicily (Southern Italy).Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Biological Specimen Banking as a Time Capsule to Explore the Temporal Dynamics of Norovirus Epidemiology.Viruses · 2023Article
- Epidemiological Characteristics of Norovirus Outbreaks in Shenyang from 2017 to 2021.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Article
- Detection and occurrence of indicator organisms and pathogens.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2019Review
- An Outbreak of Gastroenteritis Associated with GII.17 Norovirus-Contaminated Secondary Water Supply System in Wuhan, China, 2017.Food and environmental virology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In May 2016 a Norovirus (NoV) gastroenteritis outbreak involved a high school class visiting a seaside resort near Taormina (Mascali, Sicily). Twenty-four students and a teacher were affected and 17 of them showed symptoms on the second day of the journey, while the others got ill within the following 2 days. Symptoms included vomiting, diarrhoea and fever, and 12 students required hospitalisation. Stool samples tested positive for NoV genome by Real-Time polymerase chain reaction assay in all 25 symptomatic subjects. The GII.P2/GII.2 NoV genotype was linked to the outbreak by ORF1/ORF2 sequence analysis. The epidemiological features of the outbreak were consistent with food/waterborne followed by person-to-person and/or vomit transmission. Food consumed at a shared lunch on the first day of the trip was associated to illness and drinking un-bottled tap water was also considered as a risk factor. The analysis of water samples revealed the presence of bacterial indicators of faecal contamination in the water used in the resort as well as in other areas of the municipal water network, linking the NoV gastroenteritis outbreak to tap water pollution from sewage leakage. From a single water sample, an amplicon whose sequence corresponded to the capsid genotype recovered from patients could be obtained.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.