SynthesisJournal of digital imaging2018
A Systematic Review of Three-Dimensional Printing in Liver Disease.
Synthesis in Journal of digital imaging, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Imaging-based 3D-printed anatomical models for preoperative planning in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery: a single-center pilot study, cost analysis, and systematic review.La Radiologia medica · 2026Pooled it
- 3D printing technology in hepatobiliary surgery education: a systematic review.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Application of a 3D-printed eye model for teaching direct ophthalmoscopy to undergraduates.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022Trial
- Impact of three-dimensional hepatic models on oncological outcomes and survival after hepatectomy: Prognostic factor analysis in a retrospective cohort.Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery · 2026Article
- Seeing the invisible: Three-dimensional liver modeling from simulation to the scalpel.Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery · 2026Review
- Personalized 3D surgical planning in liver transplantation: A new era in preoperative assessment and management of vascular and biliary complications.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2026Article
- The Clinical Utility of Three-Dimensional Liver Modelling: A Multicenter Survey.Journal of imaging informatics in medicine · 2026Article
- Three-Dimensional Models in Hepatic Surgery: Clinical Outcomes A Single-Center Experience.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Central lung cancer: improving operability assessment through 3D modelling.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- A high-water retention, self-healing hydrogel thyroid model for surgical training.Materials today. Bio · 2024Article
- Article
- Training the Next Generation of Transplant Surgeons With a 3-Dimensional Trainer: A Pilot Study.Transplantation direct · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular computed tomography in cardiovascular disease: An overview of its applications from diagnosis to prediction.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2024Article
- 3D printing of self-healing personalized liver models for surgical training and preoperative planning.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Patient-Specific 3D Printed Soft Models for Liver Surgical Planning and Hands-On Training.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Patient-Specific 3D-Printed Low-Cost Models in Medical Education and Clinical Practice.Micromachines · 2023Review
- Hyper accuracy three-dimensional (HA3D™) technology for planning complex liver resections: a preliminary single center experience.Updates in surgery · 2023Observational
- Hepatobiliary surgery based on intelligent image segmentation technology.Open life sciences · 2023Article
- Manufacturing flexible vascular models for cardiovascular surgery planning and endovascular procedure simulations: An approach to segmentation and post-processing with open-source software and end-user 3D printers.International journal of bioprinting · 2023Article
- 3D Printed Models in Cardiovascular Disease: An Exciting Future to Deliver Personalized Medicine.Micromachines · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to analyse current literature related to the clinical applications of 3D printed models in liver disease. A search of the literature was conducted to source studies from databases with the aim of determining the applications and feasibility of 3D printed models in liver disease. 3D printed model accuracy and costs associated with 3D printing, the ability to replicate anatomical structures and delineate important characteristics of hepatic tumours, and the potential for 3D printed liver models to guide surgical planning are analysed. Nineteen studies met the selection criteria for inclusion in the analysis. Seventeen of them were case reports and two were original studies. Quantitative assessment measuring the accuracy of 3D printed liver models was analysed in five studies with mean difference between 3D printed models and original source images ranging from 0.2 to 20%. Fifteen studies provided qualitative assessment with results showing the usefulness of 3D printed models when used as clinical tools in preoperative planning, simulation of surgical or interventional procedures, medical education, and training. The cost and time associated with 3D printed liver model production was reported in 11 studies, with costs ranging from US$13 to US$2000, duration of production up to 100 h. This systematic review shows that 3D printed liver models demonstrate hepatic anatomy and tumours with high accuracy. The models can assist with preoperative planning and may be used in the simulation of surgical procedures for the treatment of malignant hepatic tumours.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.