ReviewFrontiers in public health2018
Immune-Modulating Perspectives for Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in Innate Immunity.
Review in Frontiers in public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular mechanisms of microglia- and astrocyte-driven neurorestoration triggered by application of electromagnetic fields.Croatian medical journal · 2019Pooled it
- A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial: Can Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy Be a Novel Method for Treating Chronic Rhinosinusitis?Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Trial
- LF-EMF Compound Block Type Signal Activates Human Neutrophilic Granulocytes In Vivo.Bioelectromagnetics · 2022Trial
- The use of a bed with an insulating system of electromagnetic fields improves immune function, redox and inflammatory states, and decrease the rate of aging.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2020Trial
- Biophysical integrated approach for the management of early stages of CKD in elderly patients: a 12-month controlled study.International urology and nephrology · 2019Trial
- Magnetic Reprogramming of Macrophages Stimulates Phagocytosis of Breast Cancer Cells via a TRPC1-STING Inflammatory Axis.Smart medicine · 2026Article
- Microsurgical Calcaneus Osteocutaneous Fillet Flap for Below-Knee Amputation Salvage: A Case-Based Surgical Technique with Long-Term Outcomes.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Immune Delay, Beyond Immune Evasion, as a Driver of Pathogen Propagation Competence Through Neutrophil Dysregulation, to be Mitigated by Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (LF-EMF).International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Proteomic Characterization of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Exposed to a 50 Hz Magnetic Field.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields targeting spleen modifies the populations of immunocytes in the spleen.Bioelectromagnetics · 2025Article
- Insights into Astrogliosis, Inflammation Processes, and Emerging Treatments by Exosome Therapy and Low-Level Laser Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review.Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2025Review
- Regenerative potential of immune cells after traumatic muscle injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Effects of electric fields on the release and content of extracellular vesicles.Journal of extracellular biology · 2024Article
- The Cellular Response Is Determined by a Combination of Different ELF-EMF Exposure Parameters: A Scope Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Bone Regeneration Revolution: Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Modulates Macrophage-Derived Exosomes to Attenuate Osteoclastogenesis.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- Metabolic, Apoptotic and Fibro-Inflammatory Profiles of the Heart Exposed to Environmental Electromagnetic Fields.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Transcranial Electromagnetic Wave Treatment: A Fountain of Healthy Longevity?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Playing with Biophysics: How a Symphony of Different Electromagnetic Fields Acts to Reduce the Inflammation in Diabetic Derived Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- System-level biological effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields: anFrontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Effect of Occupational Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Thyroid Gland of Workers: A Prospective Study.Current medical science · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the immune system have received a considerable interest, not only to investigate possible negative health impact but also to explore the possibility to favorably modulate immune responses. To generate beneficial responses, the immune system should eradicate pathogens while "respecting" the organism and tolerating irrelevant antigens. According to the current view, damage-associated molecules released by infected or injured cells, or secreted by innate immune cells generate danger signals activating an immune response. These signals are also relevant to the subsequent activation of homeostatic mechanisms that control the immune response in pro- or anti-inflammatory reactions, a feature that allows modulation by therapeutic treatments. In the present review, we describe and discuss the effects of extremely low frequency (ELF)-EMF and pulsed EMF on cell signals and factors relevant to the activation of danger signals and innate immunity cells. By discussing the EMF modulating effects on cell functions, we envisage the use of EMF as a therapeutic agent to regulate immune responses associated with wound healing.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.