Trial reportBMC public health2018
Subsistence difficulties are associated with more barriers to quitting and worse abstinence outcomes among homeless smokers: evidence from two studies in Boston, Massachusetts.
Trial report in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02565381 (The QUIT Smoking Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The QUIT Smoking Study: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Financial Incentives, Text Messaging, and Usual Care to Help Homeless Smokers Quit Smoking
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Interventions to reduce tobacco use in people experiencing homelessness.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Homelessness, Patient Navigation, and Lung Cancer Screening in a Health Center Setting: A Subgroup Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Distinct patterns of cigarette smoking intensity and other substance use among women who experience housing instability.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- Association between psychosocial factors and co-morbid cigarette smoking and alcohol use in a population experiencing homelessness.Addictive behaviors reports · 2024Article
- Mobile health contingency management for smoking cessation among veterans experiencing homelessness: A comparative effectiveness trial.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Nurse-led intervention to decrease drug use among LTBI positive homeless adults.Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) · 2022Article
- "I Smoked That Cigarette, and It Calmed Me Down": A Qualitative Analysis of Intrapersonal, Social, and Environmental Factors Influencing Decisions to Smoke Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Article
- Article
- Psychosocial factors influencing smoking relapse among youth experiencing homelessness: A qualitative study.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- The Homeless People in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Victims of the Strict Pandemic Control Measures of the Government.Frontiers in public healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThree-quarters of homeless people smoke cigarettes. Competing priorities for shelter, food, and other subsistence needs may be one explanation for low smoking cessation rates in this population. We analyzed data from two samples of homeless smokers to examine the associations between subsistence difficulties and 1) smoking cessation readiness, confidence, and barriers in a cross-sectional study, and 2) smoking abstinence during follow-up in a longitudinal study.
methodsWe conducted a survey of homeless smokers (N = 306) in 4/2014-7/2014 and a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) for homeless smokers (N = 75) in 10/2015-6/2016 at Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program. In both studies, subsistence difficulties were characterized as none, low, or high based on responses to a 5-item scale assessing the frequency of past-month difficulty finding shelter, food, clothing, a place to wash, and a place to go to the bathroom. Among survey participants, we used linear regression to assess the associations between subsistence difficulty level and readiness to quit, confidence to quit, and a composite measure of perceived barriers to quitting. Among RCT participants, we used repeated-measures logistic regression to examine the association between baseline subsistence difficulty level and carbon monoxide-defined brief smoking abstinence assessed 14 times over 8 weeks of follow-up. Analyses adjusted for demographic characteristics, substance use, mental illness, and nicotine dependence.
resultsSubsistence difficulties were common in both study samples. Among survey participants, greater subsistence difficulties were associated with more perceived barriers to quitting (p < 0.001) but not with cessation readiness or confidence. A dose-response relationship was observed for most barriers, particularly psychosocial barriers. Among RCT participants, greater baseline subsistence difficulties predicted less smoking abstinence during follow-up in a dose-response fashion. In adjusted analyses, individuals with the highest level of subsistence difficulty had one-third the odds of being abstinent during follow-up compared to those without subsistence difficulties (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.11-0.93) despite making a similar number of quit attempts.
conclusionsHomeless smokers with greater subsistence difficulties perceive more barriers to quitting and are less likely to do so despite similar readiness, confidence, and attempts. Future studies should assess whether addressing subsistence difficulties improves cessation outcomes in this population.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02565381 .
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