ArticlePLoS genetics2018
Massive lateral transfer of genes encoding plant cell wall-degrading enzymes to the mycoparasitic fungus Trichoderma from its plant-associated hosts.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 214 citations in OpenAlex.
- BioprospectingFrontiers in fungal biology · 2021Pooled it
- Review
- Comparative In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils, Plant Extracts, and Commercial Biological Products AgainstPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Seed-Associated Trichoderma and Their Potential as Biocontrol Agents Against Plant Diseases.Environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Beyond multilocus barcoding: harnessing phylogenomics and genome mining for next-generation Trichoderma-based bioproducts.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Comparative Genomics Analysis Reveals the Genomic Basis of S8 Proteases, CAZymes, and Secondary Metabolism Associated with Nematode Biocontrol inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- TrichoBase: a standardized genomic resource for comparative genomics of Trichoderma species.BMC genomic data · 2026Article
- Dual Biocontrol and Plant Growth-Promoting Effects ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Phenogenomics reveals the ecology and evolution of Trichoderma fungi for sustainable agriculture.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Integrated Gene Regulatory Network Analysis Reveals Coordinated Transcriptional Reprogramming in thePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Plant recognition by Trichoderma Harzianum elicits upregulation of a novel secondary metabolite cluster required for colonization.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Regulatory adaptation of an accessory gene controls fungal halotolerance and niche expansion.The ISME journal · 2026Article
- Genomic and metabolomic insights into Trichoderma harzianum T9, a resilient biocontrol fungus from arid environments.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A genomic perspective on fungal diversity and evolution.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- A ZnCommunications biology · 2025Article
- Whole-genome assembly and comparative genomic analyses provide insight into the endophytic lifestyle of Trichoderma lixii.Current genetics · 2025Article
- Biocontrol Potential of NativeJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genome-Guided Metabolomic Profiling of Peptaibol-ProducingInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Feature Architecture-Aware Ortholog Search With fDOG Reveals the Distribution of Plant Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes Across Life.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 5 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Unlike most other fungi, molds of the genus Trichoderma (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) are aggressive parasites of other fungi and efficient decomposers of plant biomass. Although nutritional shifts are common among hypocrealean fungi, there are no examples of such broad substrate versatility as that observed in Trichoderma. A phylogenomic analysis of 23 hypocrealean fungi (including nine Trichoderma spp. and the related Escovopsis weberi) revealed that the genus Trichoderma has evolved from an ancestor with limited cellulolytic capability that fed on either fungi or arthropods. The evolutionary analysis of Trichoderma genes encoding plant cell wall-degrading carbohydrate-active enzymes and auxiliary proteins (pcwdCAZome, 122 gene families) based on a gene tree / species tree reconciliation demonstrated that the formation of the genus was accompanied by an unprecedented extent of lateral gene transfer (LGT). Nearly one-half of the genes in Trichoderma pcwdCAZome (41%) were obtained via LGT from plant-associated filamentous fungi belonging to different classes of Ascomycota, while no LGT was observed from other potential donors. In addition to the ability to feed on unrelated fungi (such as Basidiomycota), we also showed that Trichoderma is capable of endoparasitism on a broad range of Ascomycota, including extant LGT donors. This phenomenon was not observed in E. weberi and rarely in other mycoparasitic hypocrealean fungi. Thus, our study suggests that LGT is linked to the ability of Trichoderma to parasitize taxonomically related fungi (up to adelphoparasitism in strict sense). This may have allowed primarily mycotrophic Trichoderma fungi to evolve into decomposers of plant biomass.
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