ReviewContemporary oncology (Poznan, Poland)2018
The revival of CpG oligonucleotide-based cancer immunotherapies.
Review in Contemporary oncology (Poznan, Poland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasmacytoid dendritic cells modulate the production of mucosal IgA in IgA nephropathy.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026Article
- The double-edged sword role of tumor-associated macrophages: preventing or causing resistance to immunotherapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Stoking an anti-liver cancer immune response with cryoablation plus an intratumoral TLR9 agonist and dual checkpoint inhibitors.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Kinetics and Activation Strategies in Toehold-Mediated and Toehold-Free DNA Strand Displacement.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Controlling Release Kinetics of an Adjuvant from a Depot Improves the Efficacy of Local Immunotherapy in Metastatic Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Involvement of nucleic acid-sensing toll-like receptors in human diseases and their controlling mechanisms.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- Clinical applications of oligonucleotides for cancer therapy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- A minimalist self-assembly nanosystem for cancer immunotherapy via multiple immune activation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- The Fomivirsen, Patisiran, and Givosiran Odyssey: How the Success Stories May Pave the Way for Future Clinical Translation of Nucleic Acid Drugs.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- Metal coordination polymer nanoparticles for cancer therapy.Essays in biochemistry · 2025Review
- Application of Nanomedicine in Tumor Targeting Inflammatory Pathway.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- The microbiome and lung cancer: microbial effects on host immune responses and treatment outcomes.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2025Review
- TLR9 agonism differentially impacts human NK cell-mediated direct killing and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Toll-like receptors in health and disease.MedComm · 2024Review
- Multimodal neuro-nanotechnology: Challenging the existing paradigm in glioblastoma therapy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Discovery of PLD4 modulators by high-throughput screening and kinetic analysis.Results in chemistry · 2024Article
- Stimulating Antitumoral Immunity by Percutaneous Cryoablation and Combination Immunoadjuvant Therapy in a Murine Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2023Article
- Ionizable polymeric nanocarriers for the codelivery of bi-adjuvant and neoantigens in combination tumor immunotherapy.Bioactive materials · 2023Article
- Targeted TLR9 Agonist Elicits Effective Antitumor Immunity against Spontaneously Arising Breast Tumors.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Extracellular Vesicles for Therapeutic Nucleic Acid Delivery: Loading Strategies and Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The promising results of clinical trials using immune checkpoint inhibitors revived interests in cancer immunotherapy. However, it also became apparent that efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade can benefit from combining it with immunostimulatory strategies. Here, we review prior and re-emerging approaches using Toll-like Receptor 9 (TLR9) agonists, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), focused on the generation of antitumor immune responses in cancer patients. While numerous early clinical trials using TLR9 ligands in monotherapies provided evidence of CpG ODNs tolerability and safety, they failed to demonstrate sufficient antitumor efficacy. Recent studies unraveled multiple levels of negative regulation of immunostimulatory TLR9 signaling in immune cells by the tumor microenvironment that can stifle immune activity in cancer patients. Therefore, CpG ODNs-based strategies can greatly benefit from combination with strategies targeting immune checkpoint regulation. The most recent clinical trials of CpG ODNs together with immune checkpoint inhibitors have a chance to generate novel, more effective and safer cancer immunotherapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.