ArticleAddictive behaviors2018
The association between e-cigarette use characteristics and combustible cigarette consumption and dependence symptoms: Results from a national longitudinal study.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Nicotine and Flavor in the Abuse Potential and Appeal of Electronic Cigarettes for Adult Current and Former Cigarette and Electronic Cigarette Users: A Systematic Review.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of E-cigarette Sampling on Cigarette Dependence and Reinforcement Value.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Trial
- Assessment of nicotine pharmacokinetics and abuse liability in randomized, crossover studies of Vuse Alto electronic nicotine delivery systems.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Evaluating Use Patterns of a Closed Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Among Adults in the United States Who Smoke Cigarettes Daily: 8-Week Actual Use Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Variation in Relative Risk Perceptions and Tobacco Use by Race and Socioeconomic Status Among Older Adults Who Smoke: Evidence From the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Observational
- A systematic review on risk factors and reasons for e-cigarette use in adolescents.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Review
- Electronic cigarette use in relation to changes in smoking status and respiratory symptoms.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- How do Smokers in a Snus-Prevalent Society Consider E-cigarettes, Snus, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy Products as Relevant Replacements for Cigarettes in the Event They Should Stop Smoking?Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Dependence motives and use contexts that predicted smoking cessation and vaping cessation: A two-year longitudinal study with 13 waves.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Examining sexual identity stability and change over time and associations with tobacco use in a nationally representative US sample.Addictive behaviors · 2023Article
- E-cigarette use and change in plans to quit cigarette smoking among adult smokers in the United States: Longitudinal findings from the PATH Study 2014-2019.Addictive behaviors · 2022Article
- Nicotine and Tobacco Product Use and Dependence Symptoms Among US Adolescents and Adults: Differences by Age, Sex, and Sexual Identity.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- A Descriptive Analysis of Transitions from Smoking to Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) Use: A Daily Diary Investigation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Applying the Population Health Standard to the Regulation of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Review
- E-Cigarette Flavors and Frequency of E-Cigarette Use among Adult Dual Users Who Attempt to Quit Cigarette Smoking in the United States: Longitudinal Findings from the PATH Study 2015/16-2016/17.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- A longitudinal assessment of nicotine dependence, mental health, and attempts to quit Smoking: Evidence from waves 1-4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study.Addictive behaviors · 2021Article
- Intensive Longitudinal Study of the Relationship Between Cigalike E-cigarette Use and Cigarette Smoking Among Adult Cigarette Smokers Without Immediate Plans to Quit Smoking.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- Adults' E-Cigarette Flavor Use and Cigarette Quit Attempts: Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Findings.American journal of preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Validation of an E-cigarette Purchase Task in Advanced Generation Device Users.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- A Longitudinal Analysis of Nicotine Dependence and Transitions From Dual Use of Cigarettes and Electronic Cigarettes: Evidence From Waves 1-3 of the PATH Study.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundExisting longitudinal surveys focused on the association between ever use of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarette consumption, making it difficult to infer what characteristics of e-cigarette use could potentially change combustible cigarette use behavior, which may have long-term health consequences. Although e-cigarettes' efficacy of alleviating dependence symptoms was supported by studies conducted in laboratory settings, whether the results can be translated into symptom reduction in the real world and over time is an open question.
methodsThis study conducted secondary analysis on the Waves 1-2 data of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study to examine the association between e-cigarette use characteristics (frequency, flavoring, and voltage adjustment) and combustible cigarette use outcomes (frequency, quantity, and symptoms), using the Heckman 2-step selection procedure with the selection bias controlled. The inclusion criteria ensured that we followed an adult cohort of exclusive combustible cigarette users at Wave 1.
resultsThe result shows that higher frequency of e-cigarette use was associated with lower combustible cigarette consumption and dependence symptoms, controlling for the corresponding baseline cigarette use variable and other confounders. Given the frequency of e-cigarette use, the feature of voltage adjustment was not significantly associated with any of the cigarette use outcomes. Flavoring, on the other hand, was associated with lower quantity of cigarette use.
conclusionsExclusive smokers who start using e-cigarettes do indeed change the frequency and quantity with which they smoke cigarettes. E-cigarette use may also help reduce dependence symptoms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.