ArticleBMC public health2018
The obesogenic environment around elementary schools: food and beverage marketing to children in two Mexican cities.
Article in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Food environment near schools and body weight-A systematic review of associations by race/ethnicity, gender, grade, and socio-economic factors.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2020Pooled it
- Measuring the Power of Food Marketing to Children: a Review of Recent Literature.Current nutrition reports · 2019Pooled it
- Food marketing on the International Food and Beverage Alliance's Mexican websites during Covid-19.Salud publica de Mexico · 2026Article
- Shrinking appetites: Will GLP-1 adoption in high-income countries accelerate Big Food's push into low- and middle-income countries?Globalization and health · 2026Article
- Food and beverage marketing directed at youth in 11 Latin American countries: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Does outdoor advertising correlate with retail food purchases made by adolescents? A cross-sectional study in Canada.Health promotion international · 2025Article
- Advertising ultra-processed foods around urban and rural schools in Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Unhealthy food outlets and outdoor advertisements in urban South African primary school students' food environments.Health promotion international · 2024Article
- Legal and regulatory instruments for NCD prevention: a scoping review and descriptive analysis of evaluations in OECD countries.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Urban school neighbourhoods dominated by unhealthy food retailers and advertisements in Greater Tunis: a geospatial study in the midst of the nutrition transition.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- Do Brazilian regulatory measures promote sustainable and healthy eating in the school food environment?BMC public health · 2023Article
- Observational
- Ecological study of the association between socioeconomic inequality and food deserts and swamps around schools in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Sociodemographic inequalities in cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents from indigenous areas in Chiapas, Mexico.Cadernos de saude publica · 2023Article
- The relationship between parent's self-reported exposure to food marketing and child and parental purchasing and consumption outcomes in five countries: findings from the International Food Policy Study.Journal of nutritional science · 2023Article
- Trend of Ultraprocessed Product Intake Is Associated with the Double Burden of Malnutrition in Mexican Children and Adolescents.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Article
- A scoping review of outdoor food marketing: exposure, power and impacts on eating behaviour and health.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Comprehensive evaluation of Salud Escolar a health school program in Mexico: Rationale, design and methods.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- Advertising of unhealthy foods and beverages around primary and junior high schools in Ghana's most urbanized and populous region.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUnhealthy environments and food advertisements are major determinants of childhood obesity. Recent regulation has banned unhealthy foods from schools in Mexico. However, currently there is no regulation limiting exposure to food marketing around schools. Thus, our objective was to analyze the characteristics of food advertising practices around 60 elementary schools in two cities and to evaluate compliance with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) recommendations and the local food industry self-regulatory marketing code.
methodsData were collected during the period of October 2012 to March 2013. A random sample of elementary schools was selected from two Mexican cities. Using geographic information systems, we drew a 100-m-diameter buffer around each school. Trained personnel obtained photographs to assess the locations and types of food advertisements. Our results were stratified by school type and by indicators of compliance with the PAHO and industry recommendations. We developed a multivariate negative binomial regression model to determine factors predicting the number of advertisements around schools.
resultsThe number of advertisements was significantly higher around public schools than around private schools (6.5 ± 5.6 vs. 2.4 ± 3.5, p < 0.05). Printed posters were the most common type of marketing medium (97%), showing mostly sugar-sweetened beverages, sweet breads, candies, and bottled water. Promotions, such as special prices or gifts, were included on 30% of printed posters. Food advertising practices were often in compliance with industry recommendations (83%) but not with those from the PAHO (32%) (p < 0.001).
conclusionOur results support the importance of monitoring the obesogenic environment and identifying policy tools to protect children from food marketing not only inside schools but also around them, particularly in lower income communities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.