ArticleGenome biology and evolution2017
Genetic Environment of cry1 Genes Indicates Their Common Origin.
Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Structure Elucidation, Biological and Molecular Docking Studies of the δ‑Endotoxin Cry1Ca17 fromACS omega · 2025Article
- Mosquitocidal toxin-like islands in Bacillus thuringiensis S2160-1 revealed by complete-genome sequence and MS proteomic analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Comparison of the performance of multiple whole-genome sequence-based tools for the identification ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Elucidating the genomic history of commercially usedFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Conjugation acrossFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Pan-Genome Portrait of Bacillus mycoides Provides Insights into the Species Ecology and Evolution.Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- A novel anti-dipteranApplied and environmental microbiology · 2021Article
- Whole Genome Sequencing Analysis ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- IDOPS, a Profile HMM-Based Tool to Detect Pesticidal Sequences and Compare Their Genetic Context.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Application of Bacillus thuringiensis strains with conjugal and mobilizing capability drives gene transmissibility within Bacillus cereus group populations in confined habitats.BMC microbiology · 2020Article
- Completed Genomic Sequence ofG3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Article
- Diversity of Bacillus cereus sensu lato mobilome.BMC genomics · 2019Article
- Role of plasmid plasticity and mobile genetic elements in the entomopathogen Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although in Bacillus thuringiensis the cry genes coding for the insecticidal crystal proteins are plasmid-borne and are usually associated with mobile genetic elements, several aspects related to their genomic organization, diversification, and transmission remain to be elucidated. Plasmids of B. thuringiensis and other members of the Bacillus cereus group (n = 364) deposited in GenBank were screened for the presence of cry1 genes, and their genetic environment was analyzed using a comparative bioinformatic approach. The cry1 genes were identified in 27 B. thuringiensis plasmids ranging from 64 to 761 kb, and were predominantly associated with the ori44, ori60, or double orf156/orf157 and pXO1-16/pXO1-14 replication systems. In general, the cry1 genes occur individually or as a part of an insecticidal pathogenicity island (PAI), and are preceded by genes coding for an N-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase and a putative K+(Na+)/H+ antiporter. However, except in the case of the PAI, the latter gene is disrupted by the insertion of IS231B. Similarly, numerous mobile elements were recognized in the region downstream of cry1, except for cry1I that follows cry1A in the PAI. Therefore, the cassette involving cry1 and these two genes, flanked by transposable elements, named as the cry1 cassette, was the smallest cry1-carrying genetic unit recognized in the plasmids. Conservation of the genomic environment of the cry1 genes carried by various plasmids strongly suggests a common origin, possibly from an insecticidal PAI carried by B. thuringiensis megaplasmids.
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