ArticleBMJ open2018
Prevalence and determinants of unplanned pregnancy in HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unintended pregnancy among women living with HIV and its predictors in East Africa, 2024. A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Health facility-based interventions and the uptake of contraception among people living with HIV: A systematic review & meta-analysis.The Indian journal of medical research · 2023Pooled it
- The Effect of Integration of Family Planning Into HIV Services on Contraceptive Use Among Women Accessing HIV Services in Low and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in global women's health · 2022Pooled it
- The Level of Unmet Need for Family Planning and Its Predictors among HIV-Positive Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2021Pooled it
- Why do Integrated Maternal HIV and Infant Healthcare Services work? A Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Controlled Trial in South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2023Trial
- Factors associated with unmet need for limiting childbirth among women living with HIV in Togo: An averaging approach.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Long-term effects of unintended pregnancy on antiretroviral therapy outcomes among South African women living with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Trial
- Unintended pregnancy among women living with HIV in Cross River State, Nigeria: prevalence, associated factors, and implications for HIV prevention.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetic and Clinical Associations Between Doravirine-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy and Injectable and Implantable Hormonal Contraceptive Methods Among Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in South Africa.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
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- Unintended pregnancy and its associated factors among women with disabilities in central Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Perinatal alcohol use among young women living with HIV in South Africa: Context, experiences, and implications for interventions.Global public health · 2023Article
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- Unintended Pregnancy and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Unit in Public Health Facilities of Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia, 2021.Obstetrics and gynecology international · 2023Article
- Prevalence and correlates of induced abortion: results of a facility-based cross-sectional survey of parturient women living with HIV in South Africa.Reproductive health · 2022Article
- Maternal overweight and obesity and its associated factors and outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-uninfected black South African pregnant women.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2022Article
- The importance of assessing and addressing mental health barriers to PrEP use during pregnancy and postpartum in sub-Saharan Africa: state of the science and research priorities.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Article
- Contraceptive trajectories postpartum: A longitudinal qualitative study of women living with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesPrevention of unplanned pregnancy is a crucial aspect of preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission. There are few data investigating how HIV status and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may influence pregnancy planning in high HIV burden settings. Our objective was to examine the prevalence and determinants of unplanned pregnancy among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women in Cape Town, South Africa.
designCross-sectional analysis. SETTINGS: Single primary-level antenatal care clinic in Cape Town, South Africa.
participantsHIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women, booking for antenatal care from March 2013 to August 2015, were included.
main outcome measuresUnplanned pregnancy was measured at the first antenatal care visit using the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy (LMUP). Analyses examined LMUP scores across four groups of participants defined by their HIV status, awareness of their HIV status prior to the current pregnancy and/or whether they were using antiretroviral therapy (ART) prior to the current pregnancy.
resultsAmong 2105 pregnant women (1512 HIV positive; 593 HIV negative), median age was 28 years, 43% were married/cohabiting and 20% were nulliparous. Levels of unplanned pregnancy were significantly higher in HIV-positive versus HIV-negative women (50% vs 33%, p<0.001); and highest in women who were known HIV positive but not on ART (53%). After adjusting for age, parity and marital status, unplanned pregnancy was most common among women newly diagnosed and women who were known HIV positive but not on ART (compared with HIV-negative women, adjusted OR (aOR): 1.43; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.94 and aOR: 1.57; 95% CI 1.13 to 2.15, respectively). Increased parity and younger age (<24 years) were also associated with unplanned pregnancy (aOR: 1.42; 95% CI 1.25 to 1.60 and aOR: 1.83; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.74, respectively).
conclusionsWe observed high levels of unplanned pregnancy among HIV-positive women, particularly among those not on ART, suggesting ongoing missed opportunities for improved family planning and counselling services for HIV-positive women.
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