ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2018
Vaccine Images on Twitter: Analysis of What Images are Shared.
Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the Methods, Tools, and Statistical Approaches in Google Trends Research: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2018Pooled it
- Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Perceptions Among Noncollege Young Adults and TikTok Influencers: Qualitative Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning Techniques for Analyzing Conversations About Nutritional Yeasts in the United States and France: Retrospective Social Media Listening Study.JMIR infodemiology · 2025Article
- Findings from a qualitative analysis: Social media influencers of color as trusted messengers of HPV vaccination messages.PloS one · 2025Article
- "Don't think of a soda": Contradictory public health messaging from a content analysis of Twitter posts about sugar-sweetened beverage taxes in California from 2015 to 2018.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Designing and testing social media campaign messages to promote COVID-19 vaccine confidence among rural adults: A community-engaged approach featuring rural community leader and clinician testimonials.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- [Recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis].HNO · 2023Review
- Using geospatial social media data for infectious disease studies: a systematic review.International journal of digital earth · 2023Article
- Article
- The 'best friend effect': a promising tool to encourage HPV vaccination in Japan.International journal of clinical oncology · 2022Article
- Preliminary evidence that brief exposure to vaccination-related internet memes may influence intentions to vaccinate against COVID-19.Computers in human behavior · 2022Article
- Patient-Generated Health Photos and Videos Across Health and Well-being Contexts: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Article
- Twitter sentiment analysis from Iran about COVID 19 vaccine.Diabetes & metabolic syndrome · 2022Article
- Twitter Research Synthesis for Health Promotion: A Bibliometric Analysis.Iranian journal of public health · 2021Article
- COVID-19 Vaccine and Social Media in the U.S.: Exploring Emotions and Discussions on Twitter.Vaccines · 2021Article
- Do you see what I see? Images of the COVID-19 pandemic through the lens of Google.Information processing & management · 2021Article
- Public Discussion of Anthrax on Twitter: Using Machine Learning to Identify Relevant Topics and Events.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2021Article
- Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: A 2020 perspective.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2021Review
- Methods for Social Media Monitoring Related to Vaccination: Systematic Scoping Review.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2021Article
- Understanding the messages and motivation of vaccine hesitant or refusing social media influencers.Vaccine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVisual imagery plays a key role in health communication; however, there is little understanding of what aspects of vaccine-related images make them effective communication aids. Twitter, a popular venue for discussions related to vaccination, provides numerous images that are shared with tweets.
objectiveThe objectives of this study were to understand how images are used in vaccine-related tweets and provide guidance with respect to the characteristics of vaccine-related images that correlate with the higher likelihood of being retweeted.
methodsWe collected more than one million vaccine image messages from Twitter and characterized various properties of these images using automated image analytics. We fit a logistic regression model to predict whether or not a vaccine image tweet was retweeted, thus identifying characteristics that correlate with a higher likelihood of being shared. For comparison, we built similar models for the sharing of vaccine news on Facebook and for general image tweets.
resultsMost vaccine-related images are duplicates (125,916/237,478; 53.02%) or taken from other sources, not necessarily created by the author of the tweet. Almost half of the images contain embedded text, and many include images of people and syringes. The visual content is highly correlated with a tweet's textual topics. Vaccine image tweets are twice as likely to be shared as nonimage tweets. The sentiment of an image and the objects shown in the image were the predictive factors in determining whether an image was retweeted.
conclusionsWe are the first to study vaccine images on Twitter. Our findings suggest future directions for the study and use of vaccine imagery and may inform communication strategies around vaccination. Furthermore, our study demonstrates an effective study methodology for image analysis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.