ArticlePeerJ2018
The Leuven Embedded Figures Test (L-EFT): measuring perception, intelligence or executive function?
Article in PeerJ, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Psychometric Properties of the Japanese Translation of the Detail and Flexibility Questionnaire (DFlex).Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Multistable grouping beyond the dot lattice: Individual and contextual differences in interactions of global orientation and local shape.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2025Article
- Article
- Embedded figures in schizophrenia: A main deficit but no specificity.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2022Article
- The Contribution of Shape Features and Demographic Variables to Disembedding Abilities.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- The illusion of having a large virtual body biases action-specific perception in patients with mild cognitive impairment.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Training focal lung pathology detection using an eye movement modeling example.Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.) · 2021Article
- Superior Disembedding in Children with ASD: New Tests Using Abstract, Meaningful, and 3D Contexts.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Performance on the Embedded Figures Test (EFT) has been interpreted as a reflection of local/global perceptual style, weak central coherence and/or field independence, as well as a measure of intelligence and executive function. The variable ways in which EFT findings have been interpreted demonstrate that the construct validity of this measure is unclear. In order to address this lack of clarity, we investigated to what extent performance on a new Embedded Figures Test (L-EFT) correlated with measures of intelligence, executive functions and estimates of local/global perceptual styles. In addition, we compared L-EFT performance to the original group EFT to directly contrast both tasks. Taken together, our results indicate that performance on the L-EFT does not correlate strongly with estimates of local/global perceptual style, intelligence or executive functions. Additionally, the results show that performance on the L-EFT is similarly associated with memory span and fluid intelligence as the group EFT. These results suggest that the L-EFT does not reflect a general perceptual or cognitive style/ability. These results further emphasize that empirical data on the construct validity of a task do not always align with the face validity of a task.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.