Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29607053›Full record

ArticleBMJ open gastroenterology2018

Rate of hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance remains low for a large, real-life cohort of patients with hepatitis C cirrhosis.

Sally Ann Tran, An Le, Changqing Zhao, Joseph Hoang, Lee Ann Yasukawa, Susan Weber, Linda Henry, Mindie H Nguyen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open gastroenterology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Dedicated Automatic Recall Hepatocellular Cancer Surveillance Programme Demonstrates High Retention: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sally Ann TranDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.
An LeDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Changqing ZhaoDepartment of Cirrhosis, Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital, ShangHai, China.
Joseph HoangDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Lee Ann YasukawaCenter for Clinical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Susan WeberCenter for Clinical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Linda HenryDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Mindie H NguyenDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) cirrhosis, imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is recommended every 6 months to maximise eligibility for curative treatment. The aim was to determine the adherence rate and outcomes among patients with CHC cirrhosis and whether the adherence rate has improved over time.

methodsRetrospective cohort study of patients with CHC cirrhosis (n=2366) monitored for ≥1 year at Stanford University Medical Center between January 2001 and August 2015.

resultsOverall demographics: mean age 54; 62.3% men; 48.3% Caucasian. 24.4% adherent to imaging every 6 months per European Association for the Study of the Liver 2000 and American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) 2011 criteria and 44% at least every 12 months per AASLD 2005 criteria. No significant change in adherence before and after 2011. Predictors of multivariable analysis of adherence were age >54 (OR 1.74, p<0.0001), Asian ethnicity (OR 2.23, p<0.0001), liver decompensation (OR 2.40, p<0.0001) and having ≥2 clinical visits per year (OR 1.33, p=0.01). During follow-up, 9.6% were diagnosed with HCC. Adherent patients were more likely to have smaller tumours (2.3 vs 3.3 cm, p=0.0020), be within the Milan criteria for liver transplants (73.2% vs 54.8%, p=0.006) and receive curative HCC treatment (43.6% vs 24.0%, p=0.005). On multivariable analysis, curative treatment (HR 0.32, p=0.001) and every 6-month imaging (HR 0.34, p=0.005), but not every 6-12 month imaging, were associated with reduced risk of mortality.

conclusionsAdherence to HCC surveillance continues to be poor. Adherent patients with HCC were more likely to undergo curative treatment and have better survival. Research understanding barriers to surveillance is needed.

Indexed as

hepatitis Chepatocellular carcinomaliver cirrhosisscreening

Identifiers

PMID29607053
PMCPMC5873543

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.