ArticleGastroenterology & hepatology2018
Health Benefits and Adverse Effects of a Gluten-Free Diet in Non-Celiac Disease Patients.
Article in Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 202 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Gluten-Free Diet in Non-Celiac Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of gluten-free diet on autoimmune thyroiditis progression in patients with no symptoms or histology of celiac disease: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of a gluten-reduced or gluten-free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Dietary Patterns and Interventions to Alleviate Chronic Pain.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Randomized double-blind inpatient study of a gluten-free diet for negative symptoms in people with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2026Trial
- A Low-Gluten Diet Reduces the Abundance of Potentially Beneficial Bacteria in Healthy Adult Gut Microbiota.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Comparison of Low-Gluten Diets Rich in Oats or Rice-A 6-Week Randomized Clinical Trial With Metabolically Challenged Volunteers.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Trial
- Role of Food Neophobia and Allergen Content in Food Choices for a Polish Cohort of Young Women.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Observational
- Psychiatric Symptoms Associated with Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: A Focused Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Effects of Selected Cereal Concentrates and a Gluten-Free Diet on Ovarian, Testicular, and Thyroid Gland Morphology.Physiological research · 2026Article
- Grifola frondosa as a natural additive enhancing antioxidant activity and nutritional value in gluten-free bread.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Nutritional and Antioxidant Profile of BrownMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Living Gluten-Free in Romania: A National Cross-Sectional Study of Dietary Adherence in Clinically Diagnosed and Self-Reported Cases.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Non-Celiac Wheat Gluten Sensitivity Model: Effects on Hepatic Morphophysiology of Wistar Rats.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Availability and Purchasing of Gluten-Free Cereal Products in a Polish Population of Female Celiac Disease Patients.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Clinical settings in which human leukocyte antigen typing is still useful in the diagnosis of celiac disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Article
- Celiac Disease: Beyond Diet and Food Awareness.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Probiotics: a supplement to the gluten-free diet in celiac disease.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2025Review
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gluten-related diseases such as celiac disease and gluten ataxia are rare conditions, affecting less than 1% of the population in the United States. Despite the rarity of these diseases, there have been significant increases in the adoption of a gluten-free lifestyle and the consumption of gluten-free foods in the United States over the last 3 decades. More than $15.5 billion were spent on retail sales of gluten-free foods in 2016. The gluten-free diet is driven by multiple factors, including social and traditional media coverage, aggressive consumer-directed marketing by manufacturers and retail outlets, and reports in the medical literature and mainstream press of the clinical benefits of gluten avoidance. Individuals may restrict gluten from their diets for a variety of reasons, such as improvement of gastrointestinal and nongastrointestinal symptoms, as well as a perception that gluten is potentially harmful and, thus, restriction represents a healthy lifestyle. Emerging evidence shows that gluten avoidance may be beneficial for some patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, such as those commonly encountered with irritable bowel syndrome. However, high-quality evidence supporting gluten avoidance for physical symptoms or diseases other than those specifically known to be caused by immune-mediated responses to gluten is neither robust nor convincing. In fact, gluten avoidance may be associated with adverse effects in patients without proven gluten-related diseases. This article provides insight regarding gluten avoidance patterns and effects on patients without gluten-related diseases, and highlights concerns surrounding gluten avoidance in the absence of a gluten-mediated immunologic disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
29606920PMC5866307W2981799547What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.