Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29606103›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2018

Study design and baseline characteristics of a combined educational and environmental intervention trial to lower sodium intake in Swiss employees.

Sigrid Beer-Borst, Xhyljeta Luta, Stefanie Hayoz, Kathrin Sommerhalder, Corinna Gréa Krause, Julia Eisenblätter, Sandra Jent, Stefan Siegenthaler, Rafael Aubert, Max Haldimann and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 37% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Sigrid Beer-BorstInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Finkenhubelweg 11, 3012, Bern, Switzerland. sigrid.beer@ispm.unibe.ch.ORCID 0000-0002-0997-6101
Xhyljeta LutaInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Finkenhubelweg 11, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
Stefanie HayozInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Finkenhubelweg 11, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
Kathrin SommerhalderDepartment of Health Professions, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Murtenstrasse 10, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.
Corinna Gréa KrauseInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Finkenhubelweg 11, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
Julia EisenblätterDepartment of Health Professions, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Murtenstrasse 10, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.
Sandra JentDepartment of Health Professions, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Murtenstrasse 10, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.
Stefan SiegenthalerDepartment of Health Professions, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Murtenstrasse 10, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.
Rafael AubertFederal Food Safety and Veterinary Office, Division of Risk Assessment, Laboratories, Schwarzenburgstrasse 155, 3003, Bern, Switzerland.
Max HaldimannFederal Food Safety and Veterinary Office, Division of Risk Assessment, Laboratories, Schwarzenburgstrasse 155, 3003, Bern, Switzerland.
Pasquale StrazzulloDepartment of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, Federico II University of Naples Medical School, via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
Bern University of Applied Sciences · CHUniversity of Bern · CHFederal Food Safety and Veterinary Office · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBlood pressure is a primary cardiovascular disease risk factor. Population-wide governmental strategies aim to reduce lifestyle and dietary risk factors for hypertension, one of which is an unbalanced diet with high sodium and low potassium intakes. Nutrition interventions in the workplace are considered a promising approach in encouraging health-promoting behaviors. We developed and conducted the health promoting sodium reduction trial "Healthful & Tasty: Sure!" in worksites in the German-speaking part of Switzerland from May 2015 to Nov 2016, for which we present the study protocol and baseline characteristics.

methodsHealthful & Tasty, a cluster nonrandomized single-arm trial with calibration arm, aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of a combined educational and environmental intervention in the workplace in reducing employees' average daily sodium/salt intake by 15%. To this end, health and food literacy of employees and guideline compliance among the catering facility team needed to be improved. The primary outcome measure was sodium/salt intake estimated from sodium excretion in a 24-h urine sample. Secondary outcome measures included changes in the overall qualitative diet composition, blood pressure, anthropometric indices, and health and food literacy. Of eight organizations with catering facilities, seven organizations took part in the nutrition education and catering salt reduction interventions, and one organization participated as a control. Overall, 145 consenting employees were included in the staggered, one-year four-phase trial, of which 132 participated in the intervention group. In addition to catering surveys and food sampling, the trial included five follow-up health assessments including questionnaires, blood pressure measurements, anthropometrics, and sodium, potassium, and iodine intake measurements obtained from 24-h and spot urine samples, and a food record checklist. Exploratory and hypothesis generating baseline statistical analysis included 141 participants with adequate 24-h urine samples. DISCUSSION: Despite practice-driven limitations to the study design and small cluster and participant numbers, this trial has methodological strength and will provide important insights into the effectiveness of a combined educational and environmental intervention to reduce salt intake among female and male Swiss employees.

trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00006790 . Registered 23 September 2014.

Indexed as

Health EducationOccupational HealthSocial EnvironmentSodium, DietaryAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNon-Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicProgram EvaluationResearch DesignSwitzerlandYoung AdultSodium, Dietary24-h urineBlood pressureEducational interventionEnvironmental interventionFood literacyHealth literacyPotassiumSaltSodiumWorkplace health promotion trial

Identifiers

PMID29606103
PMCPMC5879608
OpenAlexW2796283269

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.