Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29600503›Full record

ArticleDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2018

Reproducibility and Validity of a Questionnaire Measuring Treatment Burden on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Diabetic Treatment Burden Questionnaire (DTBQ).

Hitoshi Ishii, Koki Shin, Takahiro Tosaki, Tatsuya Haga, Yoshiki Nakajima, Toshihiko Shiraiwa, Nobuaki Watanabe, Miyuki Koizumi, Hiroki Nakajima, Sadanori Okada and 3 more

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Article in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Measuring treatment burden with the treatment burden questionnaire (TBQ): a narrative literature review and implications for geriatric research and clinical practice.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Hitoshi IshiiDepartment of Diabetology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan. hits1@naramed-u.ac.jp.ORCID 0000-0002-6214-0557
Koki ShinShin Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.
Takahiro TosakiTDE Healthcare Corporation TOSAKI Clinic for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Aichi, Japan.
Tatsuya HagaHaga Diabetes Clinic, Aichi, Japan.
Yoshiki NakajimaNakajima Diabetes Clinic, Osaka, Japan.
Toshihiko ShiraiwaShiraiwa Medical Clinic, Osaka, Japan.
Nobuaki WatanabeWatanabe Medical Clinic, Hyogo, Japan.
Miyuki KoizumiDepartment of Diabetology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.
Hiroki NakajimaDepartment of Diabetology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.
Sadanori OkadaDepartment of Diabetology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.
Tsuyoshi MashitaniDepartment of Diabetology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.
Takako MohriDepartment of Diabetology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.
Yasuhiro AkaiDepartment of Diabetology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTo measure the burden of pharmacotherapy on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), we developed the Diabetes Treatment Burden Questionnaire (DTBQ), a patient-administered questionnaire composed of 18 questions, and evaluated its reproducibility and validity.

methodsWe enrolled 240 patients with T2DM under pharmacotherapy over 20 years of age at seven institutes in Japan. Their physicians filled out report forms on patient backgrounds, and the patients answered both the DTBQ and the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ). For evaluation of reproducibility, 48 of the enrolled subjects completed a 2nd DTBQ at home after leaving the medical institutes.

resultsStatistical analyses were performed for two sets of subjects, the validity analysis set (N = 236) and the reproducibility analysis set (N = 47). Factor analysis found a simple structure in the DTBQ item scores using a three-factor model with varimax rotation; the three subscales were designated as "implementation burden", "flexibility burden", and "blood glucose control burden". All intraclass correlation coefficients for the subscale scores were 0.8 or higher, indicating high reproducibility. Negative correlations were observed between the DTSQ satisfaction score and the DTBQ subscale scores. Moreover, as the dosing frequency of diabetic medicines increased, the DTBQ total score (total burden score) also became higher. Likewise, expected associations were observed between patient backgrounds and DTSQ scores.

conclusionThe DTBQ has adequate reproducibility and validity as a measurement scale for treatment burden on T2DM patients.

trial registrationUniversity Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) 000026382.

fundingEli Lilly Japan.

Indexed as

PharmacotherapyQuestionnaireReproducibilityTreatment burdenType 2 diabetes mellitusValidity

Identifiers

PMID29600503
PMCPMC5984917

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.