ArticleFrontiers in neurology2018
Peripheral Dopamine in Restless Legs Syndrome.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuromodulation for Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Mechanistic Considerations for Spinal Cord Stimulation.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Pooled it
- Serum Biomarkers in Restless Legs Syndrome: Beyond the Classical Iron Paradigm-A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Sustainable incorporation of waste toner derived FeRSC advances · 2025Article
- Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Expressing Dopamine D2-Subtype Receptors Drive Alcohol Effects on Mesolimbic Neurons and Microglia.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Biomarker Detections.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- An Unusual Case of an Acute Episode of Restless Leg Syndrome Following Oral Metoclopramide Therapy.Cureus · 2024Article
- Sex and Sleep Disruption as Contributing Factors in Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Review
- Neurological Insights into Sleep Disorders in Parkinson's Disease.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Phosphorylation Signals Downstream of Dopamine Receptors in Emotional Behaviors: Association with Preference and Avoidance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Dopamine receptor 1 expressing B cells exert a proinflammatory role in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The peripheral dopamine 2 receptor antagonist domperidone attenuates ethanol enhancement of dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
- Premenopausal Women With a Diagnosis of Endometriosis Have a Significantly Higher Prevalence of a Diagnosis or Symptoms Suggestive of Restless Leg Syndrome: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Observational
- Where Is Dopamine and how do Immune Cells See it?: Dopamine-Mediated Immune Cell Function in Health and Disease.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- Dopamine activates NF-κB and primes the NLRP3 inflammasome in primary human macrophages.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Article
- Exercise activates vagal induction of dopamine and attenuates systemic inflammation.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/
backgroundRestless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a dopamine-dependent disorder characterized by a strong urge to move. The objective of this study was to evalulate blood levels of dopamine and other catecholamines and blood D2-subtype dopamine receptors (D2Rs) in RLS. PATIENTS/
methodsDopamine levels in blood samples from age-matched unmedicated RLS subjects, medicated RLS subjects and Controls were evaluated with high performance liquid chromatography and dopamine D2R white blood cell (WBC) expression levels were determined with fluorescence-activated cell sorting and immunocytochemistry.
resultsBlood plasma dopamine levels, but not norepinepherine or epinephrine levels, were significantly increased in medicated RLS subjects vs unmedicated RLS subjects and Controls. The percentage of lymphocytes and monocytes expressing D2Rs differed between Control, RLS medicated and RLS unmedicated subjects. Total D2R expression in lymphocytes, but not monocytes, differed between Control, RLS medicated and RLS unmedicated subjects. D2Rs in lymphocytes, but not monocytes, were sensitive to dopamine in Controls only.
conclusionDownregulation of WBCs D2Rs occurs in RLS. This downregulation is not reversed by medication, although commonly used RLS medications increase plasma dopamine levels. The insensitivity of monocytes to dopamine levels, but their downregulation in RLS, may reflect their utility as a biomarker for RLS and perhaps brain dopamine homeostasis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.