ArticleScientific reports2018
Direct antiviral properties of TLR ligands against HBV replication in immune-competent hepatocytes.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of TLR3 (rs3775291) and IL-10 (rs1800871) gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to Hepatitis B infection: A meta-analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Pooled it
- Using exploratory pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses to predict the probability of flu-like symptoms in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with the toll-like receptor 7 agonist ruzotolimod.Clinical and translational science · 2024Trial
- Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of a TLR7 agonist prodrug RO6870868 in healthy volunteers.Clinical and translational science · 2021Trial
- Navigating the Viral Hepatitis Drug Landscape: New Discoveries and Enduring Challenges. A Narrative Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- Macrophage makeover extreme viral edition: mechanisms of immune subversion and therapeutic perspectives.The Journal of general virology · 2026Review
- Innate immune recognition and evasion strategies of hepatitis B virus: from DNA to RNA and viral proteins.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A scalable ultra-long-acting tenofovir phosphonate prodrug sustains HBV suppression.Science advances · 2025Article
- Hepatocyte-intrinsic innate immunity in hepatitis B virus infection: A focused review.World journal of hepatology · 2025Review
- Recent advances in the role of polysaccharides in liver diseases: a review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Recent advances in different interactions between toll-like receptors and hepatitis B infection: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Recent Advances in the Development of Sulfamoyl-Based Hepatitis B Virus Nucleocapsid Assembly Modulators.Viruses · 2023Review
- TL-532, a novel specific Toll-like receptor 3 agonist rationally designed for targeting cancers: discovery process and biological characterization.Microbial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2023Article
- Review
- Toll-like Receptor Response to Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Recent Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Inducers of the NF-κB pathways impair hepatitis delta virus replication and strongly decrease progeny infectivityJHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2022Article
- Toll-like receptor-mediated innate immunity orchestrates adaptive immune responses in HBV infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- What role for cellular metabolism in the control of hepatitis viruses?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Current Progress in the Development of Hepatitis B Virus Capsid Assembly Modulators: Chemical Structure, Mode-of-Action and Efficacy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha-Mediated RelB/APOBEC3B Down-regulation Allows Hepatitis B Virus Persistence.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2021Article
- Evidence for long-term association of virion-delivered HBV core protein with cccDNA independently of viral protein production.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Current therapies for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are effective at decreasing the viral load in serum, but do not lead to viral eradication. Recent studies highlighted the therapeutic or "adjuvant" potential of immune-modulators. Our aim was to explore the direct anti-HBV effect of Toll-Like-Receptors (TLR) agonists in hepatocytes. HBV-infected primary human hepatocytes (PHH) or differentiated HepaRG cells (dHepaRG) were treated with various TLR agonists. Amongst all TLR ligands tested, Pam3CSK4 (TLR1/2-ligand) and poly(I:C)-(HMW) (TLR3/MDA5-ligand) were the best at reducing all HBV parameters. No or little viral rebound was observed after treatment arrest, implying a long-lasting effect on cccDNA. We also tested Riboxxol that features improved TLR3 specificity compared to poly(I:C)-(HMW). This agonist demonstrated a potent antiviral effect in HBV-infected PHH. Whereas, poly(I:C)-(HMW) and Pam3CSK4 mainly induced the expression of classical genes from the interferon or NF-κB pathway respectively, Riboxxol had a mixed phenotype. Moreover, TLR2 and TLR3 ligands can activate hepatocytes and immune cells, as demonstrated by antiviral cytokines produced by stimulated hepatocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In conclusion, our data highlight the potential of innate immunity activation in the direct control of HBV replication in hepatocytes, and support the development of TLR-based antiviral strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.