Trial reportPloS one2018
Gut microbiota varies by opioid use, circulating leptin and oxytocin in African American men with diabetes and high burden of chronic disease.
Trial report in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Are Bifidobacterium Species Key Players in the Progression of Type 1 Diabetes? A Systematic Review.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- A comprehensive analysis of oxytocin: a potential brain-based treatment to regulate obesity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Non-insulin Anti-hyperglycemic Agents on Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review on Human and Animal Studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Pooled it
- Role of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology.EBioMedicine · 2020Pooled it
- Systemic and gut microbiome changes with metformin and liraglutide in youth-onset type 2 diabetes: the MIGHTY study.Gut microbes · 2025Trial
- Trial
- The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Opioid-Related Disorder in Patients under Methadone Maintenance Treatment Programs.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Trial
- The gut-brain axis and inflammatory mediators in suicide and mental disorders with high suicide rates: a review of current evidence.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2026Review
- Oxycodone self-administration and genetic background exert community-specific effects in the gut microbiome.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review
- The Gut Microbiome and Its Impact on Mood and Decision-Making: A Mechanistic and Therapeutic Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Review
- Probiotic L. reuteri treatment in stressed rats improves maternal care and corrects corticosterone-BDNF-oxytocin balance offering insights for maternal postpartum distress treatment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring the Gut and Oral Microbiomes in Psychoactive Substance Use: A Scoping Review of Clinical Studies.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Article
- The Bidirectional Interplay Between Substances of Abuse and Gut Microbiome Homeostasis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Intestinal barrier damage caused by addictive substance use disorder.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Modulates Morphine Addictive-Like Behaviours Through Hippocampal Metaplasticity.Addiction biology · 2025Article
- The Gut Microbiota-Related Antihyperglycemic Effect of Metformin.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Healthy human gut microbiome: Towards standardized research.AIMS microbiology · 2025Review
- Dietary composition and fasting regimens differentially impact the gut microbiome and short-chain fatty acid profile in a Pakistani cohort.Frontiers in systems biology · 2025Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe gut microbiota is known to be related to type 2 diabetes (T2D), psychiatric conditions, and opioid use. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that variability in gut microbiota in T2D is associated with psycho-metabolic health.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among African American men (AAM) (n = 99) that were outpatients at a Chicago VA Medical Center. The main outcome measures included fecal microbiota ecology (by 16S rRNA gene sequencing), psychiatric disorders including opioid use, and circulating leptin and oxytocin as representative hormone biomarkers for obesity and psychological pro-social behavior.
resultsThe study subjects had prevalent overweight/obesity (78%), T2D (50%) and co-morbid psychiatric (65%) and opioid use (45%) disorders. In the analysis of microbiota, the data showed interactions of opioids, T2D and metformin with Bifidobacterium and Prevotella genera. The differential analysis of Bifidobacterium stratified by opioids, T2D and metformin, showed significant interactions among these factors indicating that the effect of one factor was changed by the other (FDR-adjusted p [q] < 0.01). In addition, the pair-wise comparison showed that participants with T2D not taking metformin had a significant 6.74 log2 fold increase in Bifidobacterium in opioid users as compared to non-users (q = 2.2 x 10-8). Since metformin was not included in this pair-wise comparison, the significant 'q' suggested association of opioid use with Bifidobacterium abundance. The differences in Bifidobacterium abundance could possibly be explained by opioids acting as organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) inhibitors. Analysis stratified by lower and higher leptin and oxytocin (divided by the 50th percentile) in the subgroup without T2D showed lower Dialister in High-Leptin vs. Low-Leptin (p = 0.03). Contrary, the opposite was shown for oxytocin, higher Dialister in High-Oxytocin vs. Low-Oxytocin (p = 0.04).
conclusionsThe study demonstrated for the first time that Bifidobacterium and Prevotella abundance was affected by interactions of T2D, metformin and opioid use. Also, in subjects without T2D Dialister abundance varied according to circulating leptin and oxytocin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.