Observational studyAIDS (London, England)2018
Vagal dysfunction and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: novel pathways to chronic inflammation in HIV.
Observational study in AIDS (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04353778 (Effects of Vagal Dysfunction on Gastrointestinal and Inflammatory Pathways in HIV), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Vagal Dysfunction on Gastrointestinal and Inflammatory Pathways in HIV
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of pyridostigmine on small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and plasma inflammatory biomarkers in HIV-associated autonomic neuropathies.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Trial
- Unraveling the Complexities of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Gastrointestinal Dysmotility, Autonomic Function, and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Among People With Well-Controlled HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Autonomic Neuropathy is Associated with More Densely Interconnected Cytokine Networks in People with HIV.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2023Article
- HIV-1-Host Interaction in Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT): Effects on Local Environment and Comorbidities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Understanding the Pivotal Role of the Vagus Nerve in Health from Pandemics.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
- Structural and functional connections between the autonomic nervous system, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and the immune system: a context and time dependent stress response network.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Review
- Autoimmune Gastrointestinal Dysmotility in a Patient With HIV Treated With Methylprednisolone and Pyridostigmine.ACG case reports journal · 2021Article
- Association of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth With Heart Failure and Its Prediction for Short-Term Outcomes.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
- Sympathetic function and markers of inflammation in well-controlled HIV.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Article
- The Spectrum of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO).Current gastroenterology reports · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveChronic inflammation in HIV-infected individuals drives disease progression and the development of comorbidities, despite viral suppression with combined antiretroviral therapy. Here, we sought evidence that vagal dysfunction, which occurs commonly as part of HIV-associated autonomic neuropathy, could exacerbate inflammation through gastrointestinal dysmotility, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), and alterations in patterns of soluble immune mediators.
designThis is a cross-sectional observational study.
methodsForty participants on stable combined antiretroviral therapy with gastrointestinal symptoms, and no causes for vagal or gastrointestinal dysfunction other than HIV, underwent autonomic testing, hydrogen/methane breath testing for SIBO, and gastric emptying scintigraphy. A panel of 41 cytokines, high-mobility group box 1, and markers of bacterial translocation (lipopolysaccharide) and monocyte/macrophage activation (sCD14 and sCD163) were tested in plasma.
resultsWe found that participants with vagal dysfunction had delayed gastric emptying and higher prevalence of SIBO. SIBO was associated with IL-6, but not sCD14; lipopolysaccharide could not be detected in any participant. We also found alteration of cytokine networks in participants with vagal dysfunction, with stronger and more numerous positive correlations between cytokines. In the vagal dysfunction group, high mobility group box 1 was the only soluble mediator displaying strong negative correlations with other cytokines, especially those cytokines that had numerous other strong positive correlations.
conclusionThe current study provides evidence that the vagal component of HIV-associated autonomic neuropathy is associated with changes in immune and gastrointestinal function in individuals with well treated HIV. Further study will be needed to understand whether therapies targeted at enhancing vagal function could be of benefit in HIV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.