ArticlePsychosomatic medicine
Cardiovascular Risk Factors as Differential Predictors of Incident Atypical and Typical Major Depressive Disorder in US Adults.
Article in Psychosomatic medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of depression on mortality among older adult patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Life's Simple 7, depressive symptoms, cognitive performance, and their associations with all-cause mortality among middle-aged urban adults.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Association between systolic blood pressure trajectories and successful aging in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals: a longitudinal study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Familial and genetic relationships of major depressive disorders and adiposity markers in the community.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Discovery of Personalized Treatment for Immuno-Metabolic Depression-Focus on 11beta Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 (11betaHSD2) and Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Inhibition with Enoxolone.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Prospective prediction of first onset of major depressive disorder in midlife using machine learning.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Associations between mental health, blood pressure and the development of hypertension.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Association between depression and macrovascular disease: a mini review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Obesity and atypical depression symptoms: findings from Mendelian randomization in two European cohorts.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Associations between depressive symptoms, cigarette smoking, and cardiovascular health: Longitudinal results from CARDIA.Journal of affective disorders · 2020Article
- Association of Depressive Symptoms With Incident Cardiovascular Diseases in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults.JAMA network open · 2019Article
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4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
objectiveAlthough the association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and future cardiovascular disease (CVD) is established, less is known about the relationship between CVD risk factors and future depression, and no studies have examined MDD subtypes. Our objective was to determine whether hypertension, tobacco use, and body mass index (BMI) differentially predict atypical and typical MDD in a national sample of US adults.
methodsWe examined prospective data from 22,915 adults with no depressive disorder history at baseline who participated in Wave 1 (2001-2002) and Wave 2 (2004-2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. CVD risk factors (Wave 1) and incident MDD subtypes (Wave 2) were determined by structured interviews.
resultsThere were 252 patients with atypical MDD and 991 patients with typical MDD. In fully adjusted models, baseline hypertension (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.43-0.76), former tobacco use (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.20-1.78), and BMI (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.25-1.40; all p < .001) predicted incident atypical MDD versus no MDD, whereas no CVD risk factor predicted incident typical MDD. Baseline hypertension (OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.39-0.70), former tobacco use (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.22-1.93), and BMI (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.18-1.36; all p < .001) also predicted incident atypical MDD versus typical MDD.
conclusionsOur study is the first to report that CVD risk factors differentially predict MDD subtypes, with hypertension (protective factor), former tobacco use (risk factor), and BMI (risk factor) being stronger predictors of incident atypical versus typical MDD. Such evidence could provide insights into the etiologies of MDD subtypes and inform interventions tailored to MDD subtype.
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