ArticleCell reports2018
Cas4 Facilitates PAM-Compatible Spacer Selection during CRISPR Adaptation.
Article in Cell reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Type III CRISPR-Cas systems preferentially acquire spacers from early-expressed phage genes in a transcription-dependent manner.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Oncology: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Platforms and Translational Challenges.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Review
- Insights into spacer acquisition of the type V-A CRISPR-Cas system of Francisella novicida U112.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Structures reveal how the Cas1-2/3 integrase captures, delivers, and integrates foreign DNA into CRISPR loci.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2025Article
- Article
- Comparative metagenomic analysis reveals the adaptive evolutionary traits of siboglinid tubeworm symbionts.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Emerging tools in plant genome editing.Frontiers in genome editing · 2025Review
- Functional insights into Solo-Cas4 inmicroLife · 2025Article
- Article
- Cyanobacterial type I CRISPR-Cas systems: distribution, mechanisms, and genome editing applications.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Research Progress on the Mechanism and Application of the Type I CRISPR-Cas System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- DnaQ mediates directional spacer acquisition in the CRISPR-Cas system by a time-dependent mechanism.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2023Article
- Modularity and diversity of target selectors in Tn7 transposons.Molecular cell · 2023Article
- Cas4/1 dual nuclease activities enable prespacer maturation and directional integration in a type I-G CRISPR-Cas system.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Genome expansion by a CRISPR trimmer-integrase.Nature · 2023Article
- CRISPR-Based Genome Editing Tools: An Accelerator in Crop Breeding for a Changing Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The biology and type I/III hybrid nature of type I-D CRISPR-Cas systems.The Biochemical journal · 2023Review
- CRISPR-Cas provides limited phage immunity to a prevalent gut bacterium in gnotobiotic mice.The ISME journal · 2023Article
- Discovery and characterization of novel type I-D CRISPR-guided transposons identified among diverse Tn7-like elements in cyanobacteria.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- CRISPR-cas technology: A key approach for SARS-CoV-2 detection.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas systems adapt their immunological memory against their invaders by integrating short DNA fragments into clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) loci. While Cas1 and Cas2 make up the core machinery of the CRISPR integration process, various class I and II CRISPR-Cas systems encode Cas4 proteins for which the role is unknown. Here, we introduced the CRISPR adaptation genes cas1, cas2, and cas4 from the type I-D CRISPR-Cas system of Synechocystis sp. 6803 into Escherichia coli and observed that cas4 is strictly required for the selection of targets with protospacer adjacent motifs (PAMs) conferring I-D CRISPR interference in the native host Synechocystis. We propose a model in which Cas4 assists the CRISPR adaptation complex Cas1-2 by providing DNA substrates tailored for the correct PAM. Introducing functional spacers that target DNA sequences with the correct PAM is key to successful CRISPR interference, providing a better chance of surviving infection by mobile genetic elements.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.