ArticleDiabetologia2018
Overweight, obesity and the risk of LADA: results from a Swedish case-control study and the Norwegian HUNT Study.
Article in Diabetologia, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Type 2 Diabetes: How Much of an Autoimmune Disease?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Pooled it
- Lifestyle and environmental risk factors for adult-onset autoimmune diabetes: current evidence and future directions.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Cluster-Defined Metabolic Heterogeneity and Longitudinal Effects of Allopurinol and SGLT2 Inhibitors in Hyperuricemic Type 2 Diabetes.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Latent autoimmune diabetes in Saudi adults aged 30-55 years old seen at a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Understanding the Increasing Prevalence of Obesity in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: Strategies for Improving Clinical Care.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Review
- Characterization of Turner Syndrome-associated Diabetes Mellitus.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Large-scale analysis highlights obesity as a risk factor for chronic, non-communicable inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Vitamin D Supplementation as a Therapeutic Strategy in Autoimmune Diabetes: Insights and Implications for LADA Management.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Prognosis and outcome of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: T1DM or T2DM?Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Review
- Thymoma with immunodeficiency, combined diffuse panbronchiolitis, and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults- case report and systematic review.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2024Article
- Utility of Fasting C-Peptide for the Diagnostic Differentiation of Patients with Type 1, Type 2 Diabetes, MODY, and LADA.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Clarifying the Heterogeneity in Response to Vitamin D in the Development, Prevention, and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Identification and phenotypic characterization of patients with LADA in a population of southeast Mexico.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Exploration of Immune Targets for Type 1 Diabetes and Latent Autoimmune Disease Immunotherapy.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2023Review
- Body composition and sexual hormones for the glucose control of autoimmune diabetes in males: are they necessary to predict diabetes-related complications?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2022Review
- Birthweight, BMI in adulthood and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: a Mendelian randomisation study.Diabetologia · 2022Article
- Alterations in Biomarkers Related to Glycemia, Lipid Metabolism, and Inflammation up to 20 Years Before Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes in Adults: Findings From the AMORIS Cohort.Diabetes care · 2022Article
- Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in China.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Serum Bile Acid Profiles in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults and Type 2 Diabetes Patients.Journal of diabetes research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisExcessive weight is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, but its role in the promotion of autoimmune diabetes is not clear. We investigated the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) in relation to overweight/obesity in two large population-based studies.
methodsAnalyses were based on incident cases of LADA (n = 425) and type 2 diabetes (n = 1420), and 1704 randomly selected control participants from a Swedish case-control study and prospective data from the Norwegian HUNT Study including 147 people with LADA and 1,012,957 person-years of follow-up (1984-2008). We present adjusted ORs and HRs with 95% CI.
resultsIn the Swedish data, obesity was associated with an increased risk of LADA (OR 2.93, 95% CI 2.17, 3.97), which was even stronger for type 2 diabetes (OR 18.88, 95% CI 14.29, 24.94). The association was stronger in LADA with low GAD antibody (GADA; <median) (OR 4.25; 95% CI 2.76, 6.52) but present also in LADA with high GADA (OR 2.14; 95% CI 1.42, 3.24). In the Swedish data, obese vs normal weight LADA patients had lower GADA levels, better beta cell function, and were more likely to have low-risk HLA-genotypes. The combination of overweight and family history of diabetes (FHD) conferred an OR of 4.57 (95% CI 3.27, 6.39) for LADA and 24.51 (95% CI 17.82, 33.71) for type 2 diabetes. Prospective data from HUNT indicated even stronger associations; HR for LADA was 6.07 (95% CI 3.76, 9.78) for obesity and 7.45 (95% CI 4.02, 13.82) for overweight and FHD. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationOverweight/obesity is associated with increased risk of LADA, particularly when in combination with FHD. These findings support the hypothesis that, even in the presence of autoimmunity, factors linked to insulin resistance, such as excessive weight, could promote onset of diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.